As concentration of substrate is increased in a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme, the reaction rate will stop increasing once saturation is reached because all enzymes are actively engaged in a reaction.
In the field of science, enzymes can be described as biological catalysts that speed up a reaction.
An enzyme is specific for its activity as a specific substrate fits into the active site of the enzyme. When the concentration of a substrate is increased, the rate of reaction will also increase until saturation is achieved. This will be the point where there will be no more free active sites of enzymes left for substrates. Each enzyme will already be having a substrate at this point.
In order to further increase the reaction rate, the quantity of the enzyme should also be increased so that there are more active sites present for substrates.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
As concentration of substrate is increased in a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme, the reaction rate will stop increasing once saturation is reached because
A. There are too many enzymes available and not enough substrate
B. once the enzyme reacts once, they cannot react again
C. all enzymes are already engaged in a reaction
D. increasing substrate inhibits enzyme activity
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explain how fat can provide both energy and protein to the organnism
Answer:
The body uses three main nutrients to function
carbohydrate, protein, and fat.
These nutrients are digested into simpler compounds. Carbohydrates are used for energy (glucose). Fats are used for energy after they are broken into fatty acids. Protein can also be used for energy, but the first job is to help with making hormones, muscle, and other proteins.
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How are plants and animals similar and different as to how they transport molecules throughout their bodies?
Why are there different sizes of bacterial colonies?
Answer:
colony size reduce means somehow its growth rate was hampered. In your experiment you r use salt but salt has a negative effect on E.coli.It dis regulate the osmotic balance of this bacterial cell after tolerance concentration may be this is the main reason of smaller colony size.
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Let's do some calculation! Using the information below, calculate the speed of the wave. MAKE SURE TO INCLUDE YOUR UNITS!
wavelength = 3.7 cm and frequency = 8.4 Hz
Answer:
0.31m/s
Explanation:
Given parameters:
Wavelength = 3.7cm
Frequency = 8.4Hz
Unknown:
Speed of the wave = ?
Solution:
The speed of a wave is the product of its wavelength and frequency. It is mathematically expressed as;
Speed of the wave = Frequency x Wavelength
Convert cm to m;
100cm = 1 m
3.7cm = 0.037m
Now,
Speed of the wave = 8.4 x 0.037 = 0.31m/s
When your muscles contract to move your body, such as during walking, work is done, and work requires energy. Based on the law of conservation of energy, from where does this energy come?.
The energy for muscle contraction comes from the metabolism of food.
What does the law of conservation of energy say?The law of conservation of energy tells us that energy can not be created or destroyed, is transformed. Applying this law for the muscle contraction, this energy cannot come from nothing. Then the energy generated from food (glucose, fatty acids, proteins) will be transported, mainly glucose, to the muscle cell and will be transformed into a metabolite for the use of this energy in muscle contraction.
Thanks to this metabolite, ATP, the muscle is able to contract and give way to the displacement of myofilaments. Apart from providing energy, ATP will also be a regulator of the contraction process together with other elements such as calcium and magnesium, thus demonstrating the importance of the presence of energy.
Therefore, we can confirm that the energy for muscle contraction comes from the metabolism of food.
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Mesopotamians gave offerings and animal sacrifices to the gods so that *
the gods would not steal their animals
they could get rid of their surplus of food
the gods would beat their enemies
the gods would influence nature to help them
Answer:
the gods would influence nature to help them
Explanation:
The animal sacrifices were made to the gods so that the gods would influence nature to help them. They believed that when things were going bad for them such as crops not growing, or rain not falling for an extended period of time, it meant that the gods were angry. In order to please them, the Mesopotamians would sacrifice an animal in the name of their gods to please them. They believed if the gods were happy they would influence nature to help produce food in their lands so that they can harvest and survive.
one molecule of dietary glucose can be oxidized through glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to generate a maximum of 32 molecules of atp. calculate the fraction of this energy that is lost when the glucose is stored as glycogen before it is catabolized.
One molecule of dietary glucose is oxidized through glycolysis and the citric acid cycle in order to generate a maximum of 32 molecules of ATP. Then 2/32 of this energy is lost when the glucose is stored as glycogen before it is catabolized.
If a dietary glucose is provided directly into the glycolysis pathways, a total of 32 molecules of the Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are produced per molecule of glucose. Glycolysis provides a total production of 2 ATP per molecule of glucose.
Although the citric acid cycle (CAC) produces an additional 2 ATP per molecule of glucose. Oxidative Phosphorylation provide total of 28 ATP from the products of glucose catabolism. So, 32 molecules of ATP are produced in this way. A cell could even store dietary glucose for later use, in the form of glycogen.
However, In this pathway, 1 ATP is consumed to produce G1P (glucose-1-phosphate), and then it reacts with UTP (uridine triphosphate) to produce a UDP-glucose (uridine-diphospho-glucose). This step indirectly consumes ATP in form of a UTP substrate. 2 molecules of ATP consumed per molecule of glucose added to a glycogen polymer.
Therefore, If two molecules of ATP are consumed for storing glucose as glycogen. So, 6.25% or 2/32 of the energy stored as glucose is lost when it is stored as a glycogen.
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Which of the following could be seen directly In a karyotype of an unborn baby?
Answer: teeth.
Explanation:
Compared with mitosis, the process of meiosis results in daughter cells that
are —
Answer:
haploid (50% identical)
Explanation:
meiosis: results in daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell
mitosis: the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells genetically identical to each other.
Meiosis results in daughter cells that are haploid.
In meiosis reduction division occur before equational division which results in the formation of four haploid daughter cells.
What is meiosis?It is a special type of division in which germ cells are produced.
What is mitosis?It is the process by which a cell replicate its chromosomes and then segregates them producing two identical copies.
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cleavage stimulating factor 64 depletion mitigates cardiac fibrosis through alternative polyadenylation pdf
The discussion of cleavage stimulating factor 64 depletion mitigates cardiac fibrosis through alternative polyadenylation is given in below paragraph-
By cleaving the poly(A) sequence and adding it at various polyadenylation sites (PAS) in the 3′UTR, alternative polyadenylation (APA) controls the expression of genes and creates transcript isoforms of various lengths. Cleavage Stimulating Factor 64 (CstF64) is an APA regulator that affects PAS choice and controls 3′UTR length. The 3′UTR is shortened as a result of CstF64's preference for the usage of proximal PAS, which improves the stability of the target genes while also improving protein expression. The purpose of this study is to look at the involvement of CstF64 in cardiac fibrosis, a significant occurrence that results in heart failure. By measuring distal PAS (dPAS) utilization in left ventricular (LV) tissues and cardiac fibroblasts from HF, we were able to assess the expression of CstF64, essential profibrotic genes, and their 3′UTR alterations.
By measuring the distal PAS (dPAS) utilization in cardiac fibroblasts and left ventricular (LV) tissues from HF patients, we were able to assess the expression of CstF64, important profibrotic genes, and their 3′UTR alterations. In addition to enhanced fibrosis gene expression, such as COL1A and FN1, and considerable 3′UTR shortening, CstF64 was elevated in HF LV tissues and cardiac fibroblasts. Additionally, HF cardiac fibroblasts displayed elevated TGF-R1 expression, which is associated with a notable reduction in TGF-R1 length. Our research reveals that CstF64 plays a significant role in myofibroblast activation and the promotion of cardiac fibrosis during HF via APA. Therefore, restricting RNA processing by CstF64-mediated approaches in human HF may offer a new therapeutic treatment approach.
What is cardiac fibrosis?Cardiac fibrosis often refers to an excessive buildup of extracellular matrix in the cardiac muscle, but the word may also refer to an aberrant thickening of the heart valves brought on by unsuitable cardiac fibroblast growth. As heart failure progresses, fibrotic cardiac muscle becomes stiffer and less flexible. Although a specific process of valvular pathology is highlighted in the explanation that follows, there are additional causes of valve pathology and cardiac muscle fibrosis.
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please answer this for me please. i feel like they are wrong thank you
Answer:
you're doing great!
Explanation:
you've actually answered 1-3 perfectly! for 4, try mentioning the leaves, stem, and height!
for 5, most seeds need the same thing - sunlight, the correct temperature, water, and oxygen; if your text mentions something specific from those, then write it down. if your text doesn't mention anything, simply writing "water, warm temperature, sunlight, and oxygen" should be fine!
HELP HAHA PLS GRADES ARE DUE TODAY
Answer:
false and chemical
Explanation:
Answer:
1 t 2 physcal
Explanation:
which statement about the event represented in the diagram is valid?
Answer: The event provides genetic diversity in eukaryotic cells
Explanation:
Genetic diversity in eukaryotic cells is the event represented in the diagram.
What is genetic diversity?Genetic diversity is the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species, it ranges widely from the number of species to differences within species and can be attributed to the span of survival for a species.
Moreover, genetic Diversity refers to the range of different inherited traits within a species. In a species with high genetic diversity, there would be many individuals with a wide variety of different traits. Genetic diversity is critical for a population to adapt to changing environments.
Hence, mutations, the changes in the sequences of genes in DNA, are one source of genetic variation. Another source is gene flow, or the movement of genes between different groups of organisms.
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Which of the following is true of enzymes?
A.Enzyme function is increased if the shape of an enzyme is changed.
B.Enzyme function is independent of physical and chemical environmental factors such as pH and temperature.
C.Enzyme function is dependent on physical and chemical environmental factors such as pH and temperature.
D.Enzymes increase the rate of chemical reaction by providing activation energy to the substrate.
Answer:
a
Explanation:
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Please list the order of organization within animals, beginning with the atom and ending with the organism. Describe each level of organization.
Answer:Atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, and organism
Explanation:
Examples of vestigial structures include
a. Human thumbs
b. Human eyes
c. Whale gills
d. None of the above
Answer:
d.None of the above
Explanation:
Vestigial structures are anatomical feature or behavior that no longer seems to have a purpose in the current form of an organism of the given species. Often, these vestigial structures were organs that performed some important function in the organism at one point in the past. Which means these need to have an important function.
what evidence do we get from fossils?
Answer: This evidence reveals what our planet was like long ago. Fossils also show how animals changed over time and how they are related to one another.
Explanation:
In humans which embryonic structure develops into ear canals and the eustachian tubes?
A. pharyngeal slits
B. notochord
C. myotomes
D. post axal tail
Answer:
I think A
I hope this is help
Explanation:
The Eustachian tube originates from the tubotympanic recess, an embryonic structure derived from the first pharyngeal and second endodermal pouches. The proximal portion of the tubotympanic recess forms the tympanic cavity, and its distal portion becomes the Eustachian tube.
Answer:
A. pharyngeal slits
Explanation:
Explain why the biomass decreases as you move up trophic levels. When would the opposite be true?
Answer:
.
Explanation:
Biomass decreases as you move up because there is a larger amount of producers than of carnivores at the upper trophic levels.
in a population of mendel's garden peas, the frequency of green-flowered plants (genotype aa) is 49%. the population is in hardy-weinberg equilibrium.
9% AA, 42% Aa are the frequencies of the AA and Aa genotypes
What made Mendel's peas different?Plant height, pod shape and color, seed shape and color, blossom location and color—these are the seven different pea plant traits that Mendel studied.
He carefully counted the number of each trait that each progeny derived from the parent plants inherited after sorting them according to these traits.
What are the seven qualities that Mendel studied?On the next screen, he reveals that he has seven different traits.
Pea shape (round or wrinkled)Pea (green or yellow)Pod shape (shrinkage or swelling)pod color (green or yellow)Flower color (purple or white)plant size (large or small)flower position (on axis or terminal)learn more about mendel here
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the question you are looking for is
In a population of Mendel's garden peas, the frequency of green-flowered plants (genotype aa) is 49%. The population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. What are the frequencies of the AA and Aa genotypes?
9% AA, 42% Aa
33% AA, 18% Aa
49% AA, 2% Aa
The frequencies cannot be determined from the information provided.
42% AA, 9% Aa
the discovery of microbes as discrete entities sharing many of the characteristics of larger plants and animals was made possible by the .
The discovery of microbes as discrete entities sharing many of the characteristics of larger plants and animals was made possible by the development of microscope.
What is a Microscope?This is referred to an instrument which is commonly used in the laboratory to examine objects that are too small to be seen by the na-ked eyes. It does this by the process of enlargement of the objects and it brought about new discoveries about plants and animals.
It made the organelles present in cells to be more visible and their similarities and differences were noted which were also compared to that of microbes so as to find out their common ancestry.
This is therefore the reason why discovery of microbes as discrete entities sharing many of the characteristics of larger plants and animals was made possible by the instrument.
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What are 3 positives about designer babies?
Answer:
Top 10 Pros of Creating Designer Babies-
Parents can choose favorable characteristics. ...
The sex of the baby can be chosen. ...
Help prevent common and (even) rare genetic diseases. ...
Help prevent disorders associated with the mitochondria. ...
Aid in the lowering of the risks of diseases in future generations.
Pick 3,i wrote more!
Answer:
Parents can choose favorable characteristics: Genetic engineering technology offers a wide variety of choices for parents. The option to bear a child has long been established, but more modern innovations in the field open the chance to choose or eliminate specific characteristics and traits. Parents can “design” the features of their child such as skin color, facial attributes, height, and even intelligence (almost like picking items from the supermarket shelves into the shopping cart!).
The sex of the baby can be chosen: Along with the choice for desirable characteristics, the sex of the child can also be selected. About this, there are already previously available procedures to choose the child’s sex. To name a few, these include IVF and artificial insemination.
Help prevent common and (even) rare genetic diseases: With the alteration of an individual’s genome, inheritable diseases and disorders can be prevented from being passed on to future generations. Some of these disorders include Down syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and spinal muscular dystrophy.
Explanation:
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H1N1 flu is a highly contagious viral infection caused by the influenza A (H1N1) virus. The symptoms of H1N1 flu are listed in the box below. An antiviral agent administered within 48 hours of the appearance of symptoms can reduce the severity of the illness. Screen Why is it important to administer an antiviral agent to an infected person within 48 hours of the appearance of symptoms? The H1N1 virus is transmitted through a vector host, such as a mosquito. The H1N1 virus is dormant in cells. The H1N1 virus does not mutate. The H1N1 virus replicates quickly.
Answer:
The H1N1 virus replicates quickly.
Explanation:
The H1N1 virus replicates quickly, which is why it is of high importance that an antiviral agent is administrated within the first 48 hours so that the reproduction rate of the virus can be lowered, resulting in an effective treatment against H1N1 flu. In other words, by administrating an antiviral in the first 48 hours, we are helping the body to fight the virus since the antiviral stops the reproduction of it, and we increase the chances of succeeding at it.
Help need please. I really appreciate thank you
Answer:
1.)The ability to extract DNA is of primary importance to studying the genetic causes of disease and for the development of diagnostics and drugs. It is also essential for carrying out forensic science, sequencing genomes, detecting bacteria and viruses in the environment and for determining paternity.
5
Which of the following is NOT required for natural selection to occur?*
(2 Points)
The environment must remain constant and unchanging.
There must be some differences within the population of organisms.
The organisms must reproduce.
O There must be a heritable trait passed from one generation to the next
Answer:
The environment must remain constant and unchanging.
I'm sorry if I'm wrong
During winter in the northern
hemisphere, the northern hemisphere
is...
A. tilted away from the sun.
B. tilted toward the sun.
C. receives colder wind from the equator.
D. closer to the north pole.
Answer:
I am pretty sure the correct answer is A
25. What is the significance of each of the following in living organisms? a) Excretion b) Reproduction c)Irritability
The significance of excretion, reproduction and irritability in living organisms is that they collectively aid in the survival of living organisms.
What are the characteristics of living organisms?Living organisms are organisms that have life in them. The characteristics that distinguishes living things from non-living things are as follows:
MovementReproductionNutritionIrritabilityGrowthExcretionRespirationDeathAccording to this question, the significance of the aforementioned characteristics of living organisms is as follows:
Excretion: This is the process whereby waste products or materials not needed in a living organism are ejected or removed from the body. Reproduction: This is the act of reproducing new individuals biologically i.e. replicating themselves. This way, living organisms are multiplied. Irritability: Irritability is a natural susceptibility or characteristic of all living organisms, tissues, and cells, to the influence of certain stimuli. This enables living organisms to respond to danger in their environment.Learn more about characteristics of living organisms at: https://brainly.com/question/97544
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Answer:
The characteristics of living organisms are:
(i) Growth and development- Young organisms (plants and animals) grow and develop into adults.
(ii) Movement- Animals exhibit a wide range of movements.
(iii) Reproduction- The biological process by which new organisms (offsprings) are produced from organisms of the same kind.
(iv) Respiration- Oxygen is used for the oxidation of food and carbon dioxide is produced.
(v) Responsiveness- All living organisms respond to light, heat and the changes around them.
(vi) Excretion- The process by which metabolic wastes and other non-useful, toxic wastes such as faeces are eliminated from an organism is called excretion. Plants also remove their wastes.
(vii) Adaptation- Changes in the structure or behaviour of an organism that allow it to survive in a particular habitat are called adaptations.
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futterman i, rosenfeld e, toaff m, et al.addressing disparities inprenatal care via telehealth during covid-19: prenatal satisfactionsurvey in east harlem. am j perinatol.
The medical care you receive while you are pregnant is called prenatal care. Prenatal testing and checks are included.
How telehealth affect prenatal care?A pregnant lady can follow her weight, blood pressure, and fetal heart rate using telehealth from the comfort of her home. Even though televisits received lower patient satisfaction ratings across the board, there were no clinically relevant variations because every median fell within the "satisfied" range. Telehealth made it possible to continue providing adequate prenatal care without affecting patients' perceptions of the quality of their care by reducing patient exposure to the COVID-19 virus and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in particular for those at risk for limited access to care and higher COVID-19 cases by zip code.Learn more about the Prenatal care with the help of the given link:
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behavioral and antennal responses of drosophila suzukii (diptera: drosophilidae) to volatiles from fruit extracts. environ. entomol.
Behavioral and antennal responses of drosophila suzukii Diptera Drosophilidae to volatiles from fruit extracts. environ. Entomol.
Drosophila melanogaster, recognized colloquially because the fruit fly stays one of the most usually used model organisms for biomedical science. For multiple hundred years,
Drosophila is derived from the Greek phrase drósos method dew loving. They belong to the Droso Aphididae family and are maximum regularly called fruit flies or regularly called vinegar, wine, or pomace flies. Their fundamental distinguishing individual is to stay on fruits, which are ripped or rotten.
Drosophila has the most effective 4 pairs of chromosomes which might be smooth to examine. The Drosophila genome is considerably homologous to that of the human genome which makes the have a look at certain genes less difficult.
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cogoli a, mitogenic signal transduction in t lymphocytes in microgravity. j leukoc biol 1993, 53(5):569-575.
The activation by concanavalin A Con A of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) in the presence of monocytes as accessory cells were once investigated in cultures uncovered to microgravity prerequisites in Spacelab. Activation of T cells used to be measured as the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA, secretion of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-gamma, and expression of IL-2 receptors. Whereas, as observed in earlier experiments, the activation of resuspended T cells is strongly inhibited, activation of cells attached to microcarrier beads is greater than doubled in microgravity. The results suggest that the depression of the activation in resuspended cells may also be attributed to a malfunction of monocytes performing as accessory cells. Though the ultrastructure of resuspended monocytes is now not altered in microgravity, the secretion of IL-1 is strongly inhibited. Our data propose that (1) IL-2 is produced independently of IL-1, (2) IL-1 production is brought about only when monocytes (and lymphocytes?) adhere to microcarriers, (3) the expression of IL-2 receptors depends on IL-1, and (4) furnished enough IL-1 is available, activation is better in microgravity. Finally, cultures of resuspended PBLs and monocytes in microgravity represent a whole and natural gadget in which monocytes are now not operational. This can also be beneficial for research of the position of accent cells and cell-cell interactions in T lymphocyte activation.
A lymphocyte is a kind of white blood cell. Enlarge. Blood cells. Blood consists of many types of cells: white blood cells (monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and macrophages), pink blood cells (erythrocytes), and platelets. Blood circulates through the body in the arteries and veins.
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