how do mutations and natural selection lead to resistant populations of bacteria

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Mutations are one way for bacteria to become resistant to antibiotics. Some spontaneous mutations (or genes that have been acquired from other bacteria through horizontal gene transfer) may make the bacterium resistant to an antibiotic (See: Resistance mechanisms for information about how bacteria resist antibiotic action). If we were to treat the bacterial population with that specific antibiotic, only the resistant bacteria will be able to multiply; the antibiotic selects for them. These bacteria can now increase in numbers and the end result is a population of mainly resistant bacteria.

Explanation:


Related Questions

Using the Venn Diagram provided, which of these statements could you add to "A?

Answers

Answer:

I would say the correct answer is c

Explanation:

The statement that could be added to A is phosphate. The correct option is B.

What is DNA?

Deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer made up of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix that contains genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known organisms and viruses. Nucleic acids include DNA and ribonucleic acid.

The fraction of the DNA double helix that supplies structural support to the molecule is known as the phosphate backbone.

The DNA molecule is made up of two strands that wind around each other like a twisted ladder. Each strand has an alternating backbone of sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.

A nucleotide is made up of a sugar molecule (ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) linked to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base.

Thus, the correct option is B.

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What is exocytosis?

The process by which a cell engulfs a large particle or another cell, eating it

Pressure that a fluid exerts against a structure that contains it

The process by which a cell takes in a small amount of extracellular fluid and its contents by the ballooning inward of the plasma membrane

The process by which a cell expels the contents of an internal vesicle to the extracellular fluid

Answers

Exocytosis is a process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are related to the exterior through fusion of the value membrane with the cell membrane.
The answer is D - the process by which a cell expels the contents of an internal vesicles to the extracellular fluid.

THERE IS MORE THEN ONE ANSWER ITS ASKING FOR A TOTAL OF TWO. Please help thanks! ILL GIVE BRAINLIEST!

Answers

Answer:

B and D

Explanation:

How is energy converted and stored in the process of photosynthesis?

Answers

Plants convert light energy into chemical energy and can be stored in the molecule bonds of organic molecules

Pls mark as brainleist

During the process of photosynthesis plants convert light energy into chemical energy and can be stored in the molecular bonds of organic molecules.

What is photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is the process in which green plants prepare their own food in the presence of sunlight and light energy is converted into chemical energy by the process of cellular respiration.

The process of photosynthesis takes place in green plants only due to presence of chlorophyll and materials such as sunlight, water, carbon dioxide is required for the process of photosynthesis.

The equation of photosynthesis is represented below:

[tex]6CO2+ 6H2O - C6H12O6 + 6O2[/tex]

The process of food manufacturing in plant is done through photosynthesis and the plants are known as autotrophs as they are the producers.

In the process of photosynthesis the reactant have 6 carbon dioxide molecules and six water molecules, and light energy converted into chemical energy due to presence of chlorophyll.

Therefore,During the process of photosynthesis plants convert light energy into chemical energy and can be stored in the molecular bonds of organic molecules.

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which enzyme reads and builds a complementary strand of dna?

Answers

Answer: RNA polymerase

Explanation:

Transcription begins when an enzyme called RNA polymerase attaches to the DNA template strand and begins assembling a new chain of nucleotides to produce a complementary RNA strand

Synthesis of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation is a seriously endergonic reaction. What is the immediate reservoir of stored energy that drives this process?

a. the electron transport chain
b. oxygen
c. proton gradient or energized membrane
d. NADH+ H and FADH2
e. glucose

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - option C. proton gradient or energized membrane.

Explanation:

The transport chain reaction or system produces the ATP which is caused by the movement of the proton through the internal membrane from the matrix to intermembrane space by the protein complex.

This makes a concentration gradient of protons that moves through the membrane of mitochondria which is utilized by the enzyme known as ATP synthase to produces ATP molecules by oxidative phosphorylation.

The on in the middle pls

Answers

i
think it’s gonna be false

4. Which part of the plant do we eat:
a. Cucumber:
b. Olive:
C. Broccoli:
d. Lettuce:

Answers

Stem stem stem stem stem

The Channichthyidae fish, also known as the

crocodile ice fish, lives in the Southern Ocean

around Antarctica. These waters are known to

maintain extremely low temperatures all year,

ranging from approximately 28°F to 35°F. These fish

have adaptations that allow them to live in cold, low

oxygen waters. (a) If you were to examine the

membrane lipid composition of cells from the

Channichthyidae fish identify what you would

expect to find. (b) Justify why you might find what

you identified in part (a).

Answers

A) If you were to examine the membrane lipid composition of cells from the Channichthyidae fish, what you would expect to find is glycoprotein,zona pellucida protein and a less number of haemoglobin that is found in this type of fish.

B) Justification of why you might find what was identified in part (A) is because;

Glycoprotein contains antifreeze compounds,these antifreeze compounds are what provide resistance to freezing of their hypoosmotic tissues by the subzero environment.

If we analyzed the lipid composition of these fish, we could find glycoproteins.

We can arrive at this answer because:

Glycoproteins are formed by a chain of oligosaccharides, linked to a chain of polypeptides, which are side chain lipids.These glycoproteins have different functions in the body.One of the most important functions is keeping the heat.This function allows heat to remain longer in an organism and heat loss to be slower.

In this case, the glycoprotein is an essential molecule in the organism of living beings that live in environments with very low temperatures, such as fish Channichthyidae.

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A 67-year-old was previously diagnosed with rheumatic heart disease. Tests now reveal lipoprotein deposition with chronic inflammation that impairs blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta. Which diagnosis does this history support?

Answers

Answer:

Aortic stenosis

Explanation:

Aortic stenosis is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases. This disease is caused by the narrowing of the aortic valve opening, thereby restricting blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta. Symptoms of aortic stenosis include, among others,  heart palpitations, swollen feet, chest pain, breathing difficulties, sleeping difficulties, chronic fatigue, etc. Aortic stenosis may be cured by transcatheter aortic valve replacement, which is a minimally invasive surgical technique that allows to replace the narrowed aortic valve.

If the same base pairs are used to code for all organisms, why is there so much variation among organisms?


A. The order of the codons differs between organisms

B. The order of the codons is the same between organisms

C. The codons in each organism are the same

D. The codons in each organism differ​

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer would be, A

The order of the codons differs between organisms.

Explanation:

I took the biology test and got this answer correct.

Please mark brainliest if this helped you!

Answer:

A.)

The order of the codons differs between organisms.

Explanation:

EDGE2021

SOMEONE PLZ HELP!!!!!!!!!!!

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

it was a question I had last week on my test.

Answer:

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Explanation:

What is the common name of plant #3 and what biome would it most likely grow in? Name one adaptation that helps it survive in its biome.

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

it is impossible for humans to be at the bottom of the food chain

Answers

Answer:

True, because humans are not producers

Explanation:

False, because humans are omnivores

The commercial fishing industry uses large nets to capture fish. Often these nets catch many species of organism that are not used by humans. What Change could lessen the negative effect to this practice for the commercial fishing industry?


A. Designing nets that release unwanted species without harming them.

B. Using the net in deeper regions of the ocean where different organisms live.

C. Decreasing the size of the nets, but using more of them.

D. Exploring new and uncharted areas of the ocean where the nets can be used.

Answers

Answer:

A. Designing nets that release unwanted species without harming them.

Explanation:

Over-fishing is a negative human practice that leads to the over-exploitation of aquatic ecosystems (i.e., both marine ecosystems and freshwater ecosystems). In an aquatic ecosystem, the communities of organisms coexist in a delicate balance where they are dependent on each other in the food web, providing stability to the whole ecosystem. Therefore, the over-exploitation of any aquatic species is expected to impact the whole ecosystem, thereby also having a negative impact on other fish populations.

Notice on the graph that the time period between 0 and 3 minutes forms a straight line on the graph.
What does this indicate about the rate of the reaction?

Answers

Answer:

The graph is positive.

Explanation:

Straight line on the graph indicates that the rate of reaction is positive which means that reaction intensity increases with the passage of time. OR in other words, the reaction produces more products with the passage of time and no decrease occurs in their rate because the graph is not coming downward or changing so that's why the graph go in the straight line.

Use the evidence of these ammonite index fossils, what can we say about these two
geologic layers?

They were laid down around the same time

Sandstone is older than the shale

Shale is older than the sandstone

Since they are from different locations, unless we can radiometric Lee date them, we cannot distinguish anything between the two


Answers

Answer:

Since they are from different locations, unless we can radiometric Lee date them, we cannot distinguish anything between the two

Explanation:

It is not possible to determine information about the geological layers of different locations just by viewing the images, as the question above asks. This is because these two sites have different natural elements that acted on these layers and these fossils differently. In this case, making conclusions only with the visualization of the images, would not promote accurate and correct information. Ideally, a radiometric dating would be performed in both cases, so that accurate conclusions could be created.

Which of the following IS found in a bacteria cell?

Answers

A procaryotic cell has five essential structural components: a nucleoid (DNA), ribosomes, cell membrane, cell wall, and some sort of surface layer, which may or may not be an inherent part of the wall.

Which are parts of a seed?

1.stigma, style, ovary

2.endosperm, embryo, seed coat

3.tube, generative nucleus, pollen grain

4.polar nuclei, sperm, egg

Answers

Answer:

2

Explanation:

endosperm, embryo, seed coat

Answer:

Endosperm, embryo, and seed coat

Explanation:

How can the role of epigenetics in cancer be reconciled with the idea that cancer is caused by the accumulation of genetic mutations in tumor-suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes

Answers

Answer:

Epigenetic mechanisms control the activity of genes involved in DNA repair pathways and cell growth

Explanation:

Epigenetics can be defined as the study of the alterations in gene expression patterns that do not involve alterations in the DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms include 1-DNA methylation, 2-histone modifications (i.e., methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, etc.) and 3-non-coding RNA pathways (microRNAs, long ncRNAs, etc). These epigenetic mechanisms work together to control gene expression patterns by activating or silencing genes at the level of transcription, in a mode that is dependent on the cell type and developmental stage. In consequence, the failure of the epigenetic mechanisms modifies the activity of genes which may be involved in DNA repair pathways and thereby it may lead to severe disorders including some cancers.

select 1 factor that most likely reflects your life as a senior high student

Answers

Answer:

The factors which reflects the life of your senoir in high school are tobacco edictoin

Tom looks out his window. Which observation includes a biotic factor of the ecosystem he is in.
A. It is raining.
B. There are worms on his sidewalk.
C. The water in his pond is higher than usual.
D. The clouds are darker than they had been a little earlier.

Answers

Answer:

B - There are worms on the sidewalk

Explanation:

Which statement describes the general process of diffusion?

Molecules move from inside of the cell to outside of the cell.
Molecules start out unevenly distributed and end up evenly distributed.
Molecules start out evenly distributed and end up unevenly distributed.
Molecules move from outside of the cell to the inside of the cell.

Answers

Answer: its b on edg

Explanation:

Answer:

b

Explanation:

Difference between "Releasing" and "Inhibiting" hormones?

Answers

Answer:

Releasing hormones cause downstream release of a hormone and Inhibiting hormones does the opposite.

Hope this helps you!



Photosynthesis occurs inside of which organelle? a chloroplasts b the cell wall c mitochondria d ribosomes

Answers

Answer/Explanation:

Chloroplasts are the organelle that uses chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is in the process of photosynthesis.

please help me with this question:)

Answers

the answer is a golgi body

Suggest why it is still useful to keep Linnaeus' specimens.

Answers

Answer:

As well as changing the way living things were classified, Linnaeus also changed the way they were named. He introduced a simpler method. ... This is rather like our system of giving people a first name and a surname. Each species has its own unique binomial which is the same throughout the world, thus avoiding confusion.

Explanation:

true or false? all elements are compounds

Answers

false .. not all are

Which of the following best describes the Earth's crust?

Answers

Answer:“Crust” describes the outermost shell of a terrestrial planet. Earth's crust is generally divided into older, thicker continental crust and younger, denser oceanic crust. The dynamic geology of Earth's crust is informed by plate tectonics. “Crust” describes the outermost shell of a terrestrial planet

Explanation: did the test in 7th grade and got in correct

Answer:

Thinnest under oceans and thickest under continents

Influenza (the flu) is caused by a virus that attacks the respiratory system. Which type of gene is most likely to be widely expressed in the body of someone who contracts the influenza virus?

Answers

Answer:

The gene that controls production of white blood cells.

Explanation:Gene expression within the body is controlled by the cells, which determine when a specific gene should or should not be expressed. Influenza (the flu) is caused by a virus that attacks the respiratory system

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