Answer:
D. 4 Valence Electrons and 4 Energy shells
Explanation:
Hello!
In this case, since finding the number of valence electrons and energy shells require the determination of the electron configuration for the element, knowing that germanium has 32 electrons (atomic number), we have:
[tex]1s^2,2s^2,2p^6,3s^2,3p^6,4s^2,3d^{10},4p^2[/tex]
We can see that the outermost energy shell is 4 which storages 4 electrons (2 from 4s and 2 from 4p); therefore, we infer it has 4 valence electrons and 5 energy shells, so the answer is:
D. 4 Valence Electrons and 4 Energy shells.
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A gas occupies 4.30 Liters at STP. What volume does it occupy at 2.56 atm and 302
Kelvin? Show all your work. .

Answer:
V₂ = 1.86 L
Explanation:
Given data:
Initial volume = 4.30 L
Initial pressure = 1 atm
Initial temperature = 273.15 K
Final temperature = 302 K
Final volume = ?
Final pressure = 2.56 atm
Solution:
According to general gas equation:
P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂
V₂ = P₁V₁T₂ /T₁ P₂
V₂ = 1 atm ×4.30 L × 302 K / 273.15 K × 2.56 atm
V₂ = 1298.6 atm.L.K / 699.26 K.atm
V₂ = 1.86 L
How many moles are in 2.70 X 10 24 atoms of copper?
Feel free to comment if u dont understand it :)
According to the concept of Avogadro's number , there are 4.48 moles in 2.70 X 10 ²⁴ atoms of copper.
What is Avogadro's number?Avogadro's number is defined as a proportionality factor which relates number of constituent particles with the amount of substance which is present in the sample.
It has a SI unit of reciprocal mole whose numeric value is expressed in reciprocal mole which is a dimensionless number and is called as Avogadro's constant.It relates the volume of a substance with it's average volume occupied by one of it's particles .
According to the definitions, Avogadro's number depend on determined value of mass of one atom of those elements.It bridges the gap between macroscopic and microscopic world by relating amount of substance with number of particles.
Number of atoms can be calculated using Avogadro's number as follows: mass/molar mass×Avogadro's number
To obtain number of moles divide number of atoms by Avogadro's number that is 2.70 X 10 ²⁴ /6.023×10²³=4.48 moles .
Thus, there are 4.48 moles in 2.70 X 10 ²⁴ atoms of copper.
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Which of the following elements has the same number of valence electrons as aluminum?
zinc
carbon
silicon
magnesium
or boron
Answer:
boron
Explanation:
Boron and aluminum lie in same group in modern periodic table and both have three valence electrons
What are the disadvantages of the use of chemical fertilizers?
Answer:
1. chemical fertillizers encourage plant disease
2. chemical fertillizers affect micro-organism living in the soil.
Explanation:
What is meant by an acid and a base
Explanation:
Acid is Sour, sharp, or biting to the taste; tart; having the taste of vinegar.Base is any of a class of generally water-soluble compounds, having bitter taste, that turn red litmus blue, and react with acids to form salts.Hope it will help):)
Answer:
an acid is any hydrogen containing substance that. can donate protons.
a base is a molocule that is able to accept hydrogen ion from an acid
Electrons flowing through a wire can be compared to ___________ flowing through a hose. Once the flow of electrons or water is going, _______________, is performed.
Answer:
water, work
Explanation:
The flow of electros through a conductor is electric current. These electrons cannot be seen and so electric circuits can be used to model the arrangement and understand the process. Water flowing through pipes is a fitting mechanism that looks like the electrical circuit.
In this mechanism, the pipe is seen as the wire in the electric circuit while the pump is viewed as the battery. The pressure, like the voltage generated by the battery, comes from the pump and drives the water through the pipe.
Which statement is true of gamma radiation?
A. Gamma radiation can pass through your body
B. Gamma radiation is always dangerous to the body.
C. Gamma radiation is produced when a neutron turns into a preton
D. Gamma radiation cannot go through surfaces rather, it will beures
off them.
Answer: A. Gamma radiation can pass through your body
Explanation:
Let's use the Process of Elimination for this problem.
We will start off with B. Gamma radiation is always dangerous to the body.
Facts: Gamma radiation are not always dangerous to the body. Most of the time, Gamma rays and radiation will go through with little to no effect at all. So, now we know that the answer can not be B. Gamma radiation is always dangerous to the body.
Next, let's check if C. Gamma radiation is produced when a neutron turns into a proton is true.
Facts: Gamma radiation has nothing to do with neutrons turning into protons and protons turning into neutrons. Gamma rays are a type of radiation that is everywhere. Gamma rays do not make neutrons into protons. Now, we will eliminate option C. Gamma radiation is produced when a neutron turns into a proton.
Let's check if D. Gamma radiation cannot go through surfaces rather, it will beures off them is true or not is true or not.
Facts: Gamma rays can enter your body, they do not just bounce off of your body. Gamma rays are invisible and have no weight. They are like lasers and they can enter your body. Now, we know the answer should not be D. Gamma radiation cannot go through surfaces rather, it will beures off them is not a true statement.
Finally, let's check if A. Gamma radiation can pass through your body is true or not.
Facts: Gamma rays can pass through your body because it is like a natural laser. They can also cause ionizations that can damage tissue in your body. But most of the time, the damage to your tissue is minor. So, we know A. Gamma radiation can pass through your body is a true statement.
Therefore, we got our answer. A. Gamma radiation can pass through your body is the correct option.
Can somebody help me. Will mark brainliest.
Answer:
2.27%
Explanation:
The observed value of the boiling point = 71.8°C
The actual value of the boiling point = 70.2°C
We need to find the percentage error of the student's measurement. The percentage error in any value is given by :
[tex]\%=\dfrac{\text{calculated value-actual value}}{\text{actual value}}\times 100\\\\=\dfrac{71.8-70.2}{70.2}\times 100\\\\=2.27\%[/tex]
So, the required percentage error is 2.27%.
What are the series of steps that form oxygen atoms?
Answer:
2.5.2 Atomistic Configurations of Oxygen in Silicon Crystals
Oxygen atoms are incorporated in the silicon lattice on an interstitial position (denoted by Oi), where the oxygen atom sits in an almost bond-centered position between two adjacent Si atoms [101]. Several of the local vibration modes are infrared (IR) active. The predominant IR line at 1104/cm (at room temperature) was calibrated with respect to other analytical methods, such as gas fusion and several radioactive techniques, and is used as the standard method for the quantitative determination of the oxygen content in as-grown silicon crystals (as-grown silicon usually contains only a negligible amount of precipitated oxygen).
what do scientists use to classify substances that are either an acid or a base?
Answer:
They use the pH scale
Explanation:
The strong acid and strong base has high rate constant of dissociation. Weak acid and base are the one whose rate constant for the dissociation is low, they do not dissociate readily in water. Scientist use pH scale to classify substances that are either an acid or a base.
What are acid and base?Acid is a solution which releases H⁺ hydrogen ion when dissolved in water. Base are the solution which releases hydroxide ion OH⁻ ion when dissolved in water. . At room temperature pH scale is between 0 to 14. pH of neutral solution is 7.
The pH of acid is between 0-7 on pH scale. acid turns blue litmus paper to red. Acids have sour taste and corrosive nature. Mathematically the concentration of hydrogen ion can be calculated using this formula
Mathematically,
pH=-log[H⁺]
Therefore, scientist use pH scale to classify substances that are either an acid or a base.
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Compare and Contrast the two common forces of gravity and friction.
Answer:
Gravity always pulls objects such as a desk, book or person down. Thus, when you jump gravity causes you to land on the ground. Friction, however, doesn't pull objects down
need help with this please help.
why does lowering the pressure cause a liquid to boil
Answer:This pressure is transmitted throughout the liquid and makes it more difficult for bubbles to form and for boiling to take place. If the pressure is reduced, the liquid requires less energy to change to a gaseous phase, and boiling occurs at a lower temperature
Explanation:
Atmospheric Pressure and Boiling
The pressure of gas above a liquid affects the boiling point. ... If the pressure is reduced, the liquid requires less energy to change to a gaseous phase, and boiling occurs at a lower temperature
Name two metals which have a coating of another metal.
Answer:
Chromium is electroplated on other metals. 2. Gold is electroplated on other cheap metals.
What is the number of electronsin hydrogen?
Answer:
1
Explanation:
a) Find the gas speed of ethane at 200.0 degrees Celsius. ____________
b) What is the rate of effusion of ethane (C2H6) compared to hexane (C6H14) gas at the same temperature? _________________
a. 627.1 m/s
b. the rate of effusion of ethane = 1.7 faster than hexane
Further explanation
Given
T = 200 + 273 = 473 K
Required
a. the gas speed
b. The rate of effusion comparison
Solution
a.
Average velocities of gases can be expressed as root-mean-square averages. (V rms)
[tex]\large {\boxed {\bold {v_ {rms} = \sqrt {\dfrac {3RT} {Mm}}}}[/tex]
R = gas constant, T = temperature, Mm = molar mass of the gas particles
From the question
R = 8,314 J / mol K
T = temperature
Mm = molar mass, kg / mol
Molar mass of Ethane = 30 g/mol = 0.03 kg/mol
[tex]\tt v=\sqrt{\dfrac{3\times 8.314\times 473}{30} }=627.1~m/s[/tex]
b. the effusion rates of two gases = the square root of the inverse of their molar masses:
[tex]\rm \dfrac{r_1}{r_2}=\sqrt{\dfrac{M_2}{M_1} }[/tex]
M₁ = molar mass ethane =30
M₂ = molar mass hexane = 86
[tex]\tt \dfrac{r_1}{r_2}=\sqrt{\dfrac{86}{30} }=1.7[/tex]
the rate of effusion of ethane = 1.7 faster than hexane
Describe the energy transfers and transformations
that occur when a person rides a bicycle. Make sure to identify each example as an energy transfer or an energy transformation.
Answer:
Explanation:
When you are pedaling the bike, it is transforming chemical energy, supplied by the breakdown of the food you eat (any food), into mechanical energy to turn the pedals (energy we produce). The chemical energy is potential and the mechanical energy is kinetic.
Hope this helps :)
Mg (50.0 g) and HCI (75.0 g) were added together to produce MgCl2 and H2
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
a) What mass of hydrogen gas produced in this reaction?
b) how much of the excess reactant is left over?
Answer:
Mass of hydrogen produced = 2.1 g
Mass of excess reactant left = 25.2 g
Explanation:
Given data:
Mass of Mg = 50.0 g
Mass of HCl = 75.0 g
Mass of hydrogen produced = ?
Mass of excess reactant left = ?
Solution:
Chemical equation:
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂
Number of moles of Mg:
Number of moles = mass/molar mass
Number of moles = 50 g/ 24 g/mol
Number of moles = 2.1 mol
Number of moles of HCl:
Number of moles = mass/molar mass
Number of moles = 75 g/ 36.5 g/mol
Number of moles = 2.1 mol
now we will compare the moles of hydrogen gas with both reactant.
Mg : H₂
1 : 1
2.1 : 2.1
HCl : H₂
2 : 1
2.1 : 1/2×2.1 = 1.05 mol
HCl is limiting reactant and will limit the yield of hydrogen gas.
Mass of hydrogen:
Mass = number of moles × molar mass
Mass= 1.05 mol ×2 g/mol
Mass = 2.1 g
Mg is present in excess.
Mass of Mg left:
HCl : Mg
2 : 1
2.1 : 1/2×2.1 = 1.05
Out of 2.1 moles of Mg 1.05 react with HCl.
Moles of Mg left = 2.1 mol - 1.05 mol = 1.05 mol
Mass of Mg left:
Mass = number of moles × molar mass
Mass = 1.05 mol × 24 g/mol
Mass = 25.2 g
help! why are chemical equations always balanced?
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The Law of Conservation of Mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed and must be conserved. I is stating matter cannot be created, which is true. II is saying that matter can only be rearranged/conserved, which again is true. III states matter cannot be destroyed, which is also true. IV is incorrect because it doesn't make sense. Matter does matter.
Which type of molecule is shown below?
A. Alcohol
B. Ester
C. Amine
D. Ketone
Answer:
Ketone molecule
Explanation:
The type of molecule shown above is ketone molecule.
What is molecule?A molecule is a group of two or more atoms that are chemically combine together or are tightly held together by attractive forces.
What is ketone?A ketone is an organic compound in which the carbonyl group is attached to a carbon atom within the carbon chain. The general formula for a ketone is RC(=O)R' where R and R' are alkyl or aryl groups.Hence, we can conclude that option D is the answer.
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Hello everyone! I have a question about science;
In a video game, a flying coconut moves at a constant velocity of 20 meters/second in a positive direction. The coconut hits an obstacle and moves in the opposite direction with a constant velocity of 10 meters/second. What’s the change in velocity of the coconut?
A.
-30 m/s
B.
-10 m/s
C.
10 m/s
D.
30 m/s
Sound travels most quickly through solids because _____.
solids have greater frequencies
solids have more energy than other states of matter
solids have more decibels
the molecules in solids are very close together
Answer:
The answer is: Because solids are the most sense.
Option (b) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The distance between molecules in solids r very small.Because they are so close, they can collide very quickly, i.e. it takes less time for a molecule of the solid to 'bump' into its neighbor. Solids are packed together tighter than liquids and gases, hence sound travels fastest in solids.It is true that sound travels faster in solids. This is because in solid substances, molecules are much closer to each other due to which transfer of energy is much faster.
On the other hand, molecules in a liquid and gas are farther apart from each other due to which there will be less transfer of energy. As a result, sound does not travel quickly through liquids and gases.
Thus, we can conclude that sound travels most quickly through solids because the molecules in solids are very close together.
Answer:
yea, what they said.
Explanation:
HELP PLEASE
Based on the organization of the Periodic Table of the Elements, what kind of bond does
chlorine form with both sodium and potassium?
A)ionic
B)metallic
© covalent
D)hydrogen
a) ionic
chlorine is present in top of group 17 and right of period 3 and
electronegativity(the tendency to gain electrons)
increases up the group and right the group.
so it has high tendency to form anion.
In the same way both Na and K are present up the group and left side and the tendency to lose electrons in both becomes high and they tend to form cation.
1) How many bonds can Sr atom form?
a) 5
c) 3
b) 4
d) 2
Answer:
the answer is C
Explanation:
it can form 3 bonds
1. Freon (CCl2F2) is commonly used in refrigerators and air conditioners as a coolant. How many grams of fluorine are there in the 2.00 lbs of Freon necessary for an air conditioner? (1 lb = 454 g)
Answer:
285g of fluorine
Explanation:
To solve this problem we need to find the mass of Freon in grams. Then, with its molar mass we can find moles of freon and, as 1 mole of Freon, CCl₂F₂, contains 2 moles of fluorine, we can find moles of fluorine and its mass:
Mass Freon:
2.00lbs * (454g / 1lb) = 908g of Freon
Moles freon -Molar mass: 120.91g/mol- and moles of fluorine:
908g of Freon * (1mol / 120.91g) =
7.5 moles of freon * (2moles Fluorine / mole Freon): 15 moles of fluorine
Mass fluorine -Atomic mass: 19g/mol-:
15 moles F * (19g / mol) =
285g of fluorineHow many moles of carbon are in 5.25 g sucrose? How many moles of hydrogen? How many moles of oxygen?
Answer:
63 moles of carbon atoms, 115.5 moles of hydrogen atoms, and 57.75 moles of oxygen atoms i believe :)
Define the ground state of an atom
Explanation:
The nucleus of an atom is surround by electrons that occupy shells, or orbitals of varying energy levels. The ground state of an electron, the energy level it normally occupies, is the state of lowest energy for that electron. There is also a maximum energy that each electron can have and still be part of its atom.
Aqueous solutions of potassium chloride and silver nitrate are mixed.
Write the balanced net ionic equation
Answer:
Sorry how no this equation guys
Respond to the following prompt
Knowing what you know about photosynthesis, explain how the process may help reduce global warming.
Metal X has a specific heat capacity of 0.982 Jg∙°C . If 525.0 g of Metal X increases in temperature from 32.00° C to 43.00° C, how much energy will be absorbed?
Answer:
Q = 5671.05 J
Explanation:
Given data:
Mass of metal = 525 g
Initial temperature = 32.0 °C
Fina temperature = 43.0 °C
Heat absorbed by metal = ?
Solution:
Specific heat capacity:
It is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by one degree.
specific heat capacity of metal X = 0.982 J/g.°C
Formula:
Q = m.c. ΔT
Q = amount of heat absorbed or released
m = mass of given substance
c = specific heat capacity of substance
ΔT = change in temperature
ΔT = 43.00°C - 32.00°C
ΔT = 11.00°C
Q = 525 g × 0.982 J/g.°C × 11.00°C
Q = 5671.05 J