Observational studies can reveal only​ association, whereas designed experiments can help establish

Answers

Answer 1

Observational studies can reveal only association, whereas designed experiments can help establish causation.

The key difference that exists between observational studies, as well as experimental designs, is that an observational study that is well done does not influence the responses of the associated participants, while those experiments is having some sort of treatment condition which is applied to at least some participants for the real purpose of random assignment.

There exists a causal relationship between those two variables if there is a change in the particular level of one variable so that it can cause a change in the other variable as well.

It is significant that the case of correlation that does not imply establishing the case of causation.  It is well possible for any two variables to get associated with each other without causing one of them so as to observe any behavior in the other person.

Since the case including observational studies does not control any of such variables, the results can only be observed as associations. This is because the assigned variables are controlled in the type of designed experiment as having conclusions based on causation.

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Related Questions

explain 4 ways you would see checks in the ghanain governance system​

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Politics of Ghana takes location in a framework of a presidential consultant democratic republic, whereby the President of Ghana is both head of country and head of the presidency and of a  birthday celebration gadget.

The seat of the presidency is at the Golden Jubilee residence. govt electricity is exercised by means of the government. Legislative electricity is vested in both the authorities and Parliament. The judiciary is impartial of the executive and the legislature.

The charter that hooked up the Fourth Republic supplied a fundamental constitution for a republican democratic government. It broadcasts Ghana to be a unitary republic with sovereignty living in the Ghanaian humans. meant to prevent future coups, dictatorial authorities, and one-party states, it is designed to establish the concept of powersharing.

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the leader of a self-help group has asked a psychologist to recommend an approach to psychology that emphasizes personal growth and people's need for love and acceptance. which perspective in psychology would one recommend for this group?

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The leader of a self-help organization has asked a psychologist to advocate an approach to psychology that emphasizes private increase and people's need for love and acceptance. angle in psychology might one suggest for this organization: Humanistic Psychology

A psychologist is a professional who practices psychology and research intellectual states, perceptual, cognitive, emotional, and social strategies and conduct. Their paintings frequently involve the experimentation, commentary, and interpretation of how people relate to every different and to their environment.

Psychologists can assist humans to learn to deal with disturbing situations, overcome addictions, manage their chronic ailments, and tests and checks that may assist diagnose a condition or inform more approximately the manner someone thinks feel, and behaves.

Psychologists additionally play a crucial position in fitness care with the aid of caring for people experiencing mental health troubles, performing psychotherapy, investigating remedy options, and coaching sufferers on the way to manage their signs and symptoms successfully.

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“Democracy is better than other forms of government”. Examine the statemen

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Democracy is better than other forms of government. It has following benefits:

A democratic government is

a better government because it is a

more accountable form of

government.

Democracy is based on

consultation and discussion. A

democratic decision always involves

many persons, discussions and

meetings. When a number of people

put their heads together, they are

able to point out possible mistakes

in any decision

Democracy provides a

method to deal with differences

and conflicts.

Democracy enhances

the dignity of citizens.

Finally, democracy is better than

other forms of government because

it allows us to correct its own

mistakes.

The purpose of the road test is to make sure the applicant understands the rules of the road and the safety of driving. Therefore, the applicant may be tested on which requirements?.

Answers

The purpose of the road test is to make sure that the applicant understands the rules of the road and drives safely. During the road test, the examiner rides with the applicant and may test the applicant on the following: Sitting properly. Starting a vehicle.

A driving test( also known as a driving test, motorist's test, or road test) is a procedure designed to test a person's capability to drive a motor vehicle. It exists in colorful forms worldwide and is frequently a demand to gain a motorist's license. A driving test generally consists of one or two corridors the practical test, called a road test, used to assess a person's driving capability under normal operating conditions,( 1) and/ or a written or oral test( proposition test) to confirm a person's knowledge of driving and applicable rules and laws.

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close presidential advisors, including white house staff, the national security advisor, the chief of staff, and the director of the office of management and budget, are all considered part of the

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Close presidential advisors, including White House staff, the national security advisor, the chief of staff, and the director of the Office of Management and Budget, are all considered part of the Executive Office of the President. Hence, Option A is correct.

Who are called as Executive Officers?

An executive officer is a principal-level officer who is responsible for leading all or part of an organization; there are various types of changes or a position established by an organization.

But the whole sole responsibility of any executive officer is to know the exact nature and the room that is there in an organization, which depends on the nature and the road according to the organisation and various police forces.

As per the given statement, all the presidential advisors come under the executive officer. Option A is correct.

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The complete question is attached in text form:

close presidential advisors, including white house staff, the national security advisor, the chief of staff, and the director of the office of management and budget, are all considered part of the -

executive Office of the President.

cabinet office of the President.

demonstrate how one theory of archetypes (jung’s theory, dispersion theory, etc.) might account for the spread and evolution of the myths.

Answers

The correct option is B. Dispersion theory of archetypes might account for the spread and evolution of the myths.

The hypothesis is that initial archetypal pictures or stories originated in a prehistoric central culture and diffused as that society traveled.

What is Jung's theory of archetypes?

Human behavior is influenced by archetypes, which are inborn, universal models of persons, actions, and personalities. According to Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung's hypothesis, these archetypes are ancient variations of the basic human knowledge that was passed down from our ancestors.

The historical works by Kronig (1) and Kramers (2), which explore the classical dispersion of light and the relationship between the real and imaginary sections of the index of refraction, are the origin of dispersion relations (DRs), which date back to 1926–1927.

Thus, The best answer is B. The dispersion hypothesis of archetypes may explain how myths spread and developed.

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what is the responsibility of christians with regards to geopolitics and the mandates of the gospel?

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The responsibilities of Christians towards geopolitics according to the mandates of the Gospels are to love your enemies, do good to those that hate you, and become a peacemaker.

The intricacies of Christian geopolitical duty vary between Christian organizations and are frequently influenced by nationalism and political ideology, despite the fact that this should not be the case.

There are several fundamental Christian ideas that can be used in geopolitics. Christianity, first, is built on the idea of individual interior transformation. Christianity holds that a person must first undergo transformation, in contrast to other religions that hold that abiding by a set of external laws created by God will resolve a person's interior problems.

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the more modes of sensory engagement you stimulate, the higher likelihood people will information.

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The more modes of sensory engagement you stimulate, the higher likelihood people will understand information

The benefits of sensory engagement for cognition, memory, communication, preparedness for learning, and mental health are supported by research. frequently strive to distinguish between sensory in my work as a specialist in sensory engagement.

A sensory experience is a stimulus or an activity that encourages kids to use one or more of their senses—sight, sound, smell, touch, taste, balance, and movement.

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A town has some extra money. Some citizens think that the money should be spent on a new library. Others think it should be used to build a new park. What should the citizens do to solve this problem?
A. Go to court to decide how to spend the money
B. Hold a vote to decide how to spend the money
C. ask the govemor to decide how to spend the money
D. Have state representatives decide how to spend the money

Answers

Answer: B

Explanation:Because if you have  vote about how to spend the money. it would solve the problem more quicker if you have people to vote which one they would like.

Where did Gladiators live?
on the street
barracks
small apartments
large houses

Answers

Answer:

barracks

Explanation:

Gladiators were slaves that were owned by the members of upper class society in Italy.. The reason they fought was because the champions among those gladiators tend to received fame and glory in the community and obtain a chance to obtain their freedom.

Because of this, Gladiators were not allowed to own private properties or freely roaming around the street.

Gladiators lived in barracks. Unlike normal houses, Barracks consisted of training / workout equipment's that the gladiators can use to prepare themselves for future fight.  The owners of the gladiators were usually the one that control their diet regimen along with providing trainers for the gladiators.

15. A vehicle navigation system
a. is never a cause for concern.
b. can be used responsibly, but can also cause
driver distraction.
c. should never be used while driving.
d. should never be used at

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

It could be used for good and it can also harm someone for example what b stated it can pose as a distraction to the driver and cause accidents so b would best suite that scenario.

crimes that are considered "an act inherently and essentially evil, that is immoral in its nature and injurious in its consequence, without any regard to the fact of its being noticed or punished by the law of the state" are calle

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Crimes that might be taken into consideration as "an act inherently and basically evil, this is immoral in its nature and injurious in its result, with no regard to the reality of its being observed or punished by the law of the country" are known as Mala in se

Law is a set of guidelines that are created and enforceable by way of social or governmental establishments to regulate behavior, with its unique definition a be counted on the longstanding debate. it's been variously described as technological know-how and the art of justice.

The precise definition of law: is a rule of conduct or movement that a nation or a collection of humans consents to follow. 2: an entire series of hooked-up policies the law of the land. three: a rule or principle that constantly works the identical way below the same situations the regulation of gravity. 4: a bill passed via a legislature.

Law is a rule made with the aid of an expert and that should be obeyed. Law is normally made by means of a central authority, which citizens need to observe or face punishment. for instance, in maximum locations, there are legal guidelines about no longer stealing.

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Which branch of government is responsible for preparing the budget for approval at both the state and national levels? A. official B. judicial C. executive D. legislative

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

The Federal budget process is initiated in the Executive Branch with budget formulation. Then, no later than the first Monday in February, by law, the President submits his budget to Congress.

the answer to this question is c                                                            

:)

Select all that apply. The Black Plague:
has been completely eliminated
has reappeared over and over again, even in current times
caused riots and hysteria
wiped out farming communities
wiped out 1/4-1/3 of all Europeans

Answers

Answer:

cause riots and hysteria

wiped out 1/4 of all Europeans

Explanation:

Luv you <3

A river current has a velocity of 5 km/h relative to the shore, and a boat moves in the same direction as the current at 5 km/h relative to the river. How can the velocity of the boat relative to the shore be calculated?
a.by subtracting the river current vector from the boat’s velocity vector
b.by dividing the river current vector by the boat’s velocity vector
c.by multiplying the vectors
d.by adding the vectors

Answers

Answer:

D. By adding the vectors

[tex]V = 10km/h[/tex]

Explanation:

Given

Represent the velocity of the river current as VR

[tex]V_R = 5km/h[/tex]

Represent the velocity of the boat as VB

[tex]V_B = 5km/h[/tex]

Required

How to calculate the velocity of boat relative to river current

From the question, we understand that both move in the same direction.

So, the relative velocity V is calculated as:

[tex]V = V_R + V_B[/tex]

[tex]V = 5km/h + 5km/h[/tex]

[tex]V = 10km/h[/tex]

Notice that the both velocities are added together to get the relative velocities.

This is so because they both move in the same direction

From the list of given options, only option D is correct.

1.
Which of the following is the best
way
to combine these two sentences:
lost my watch on the way to work.|
don't like my job very much.
O A. semicolon
O B. The sentences are unrelated and
shouldn't be combined.
O C. comma
• D. coordinating conjunction

Answers

i think it’s b but i could be miserably wrong

what is the parliamentary system based on

Answers

Answer:

Bicameral and unicameral parliaments

Nearly all Westminster-based parliaments have a lower house with powers based on those of the House of Commons (under various names), comprising local, elected representatives of the people (with the only exception being elected entirely by nationwide Proportional Representation).

Explanation:

research

Answer:

they are all based on legislative-executive power sharing

Which statement describes the Brahman belief of karma?

Answers

Answer: Every action has an equal reaction

Answer:

All of the answers has an equivalent reaction like the other guy said.

Explanation:

Hope this helped!

1. How did the experiences of slaves in the Chesapeake Region differ from the Carolinas during this time? Why? Explain in detail.

Answers

Answer:

Due to different cultivation of crops.

Explanation:

The experiences of slaves in the Chesapeake Region is different from the Carolinas region because both regions used slaves for the cultivation of different types of crops. slaves are required in the Chesapeake Region in order to cultivate the tobacco crop while on the other hand, slaves in the Carolinas region were used for the cultivation of rice crop so both crops have different methods of cultivation and agronomic practices the experience of slaves are different of each region.

Which feature is NOT found to the east of Lake Victoria?
A) Indian ocean
B) Mt. kilimanjaro
C) Niger River
D) Great Rift Valley

Answers

Answer:

It's great riftvalley. Just look at the map of East Africa

doi identity processes and the positive youth development of african americans: an explanatory framework

Answers

Identity processes and the positive youth development of African Americans: an explanatory framework, is talk about phenomenological variant of ecological systems theory. Which focuses on African- American.

In order to examine positive youth development, this chapter introduces PVEST (1995), Spencer's phenomenological adaptation of ecological systems theory. African American youth's racial and gender identities are examined in the context of contextual variables, with a particular emphasis on the role of religious and educational institution.

Despite a multitude of obstacles, such as single-parent households, high rates of teen pregnancies, and impoverished areas, many African American youth continue to thrive. youth development will help them to lead a good life.

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You have just turned 18 and are voting for the first time in your life. You will be voting directly on the leader of your country and for other elected officials.


Which of the following countries has this type of government?

A.
Germany

B.
Soviet Union

C.
The United Kingdom

D.
Russia

Answers

Answer:

its B

Explanation:

if all the people are forced to follow particular religion, which fundamental right would it violate?​

Answers

Answer: human rights act

Explanation:

events that evoke strong emotions when they occur are sometimes associated with vivid, detailed, and compelling memories. many laypersons believe that heightened emotional arousal leads to the formation of durable, accurate memories of the event, as well as the details surrounding how the news was received. an important question concerns whether memories of events associated with high levels of emotional arousal are qualitatively different from memories for ordinary events, which can be difficult to remember unless the event was special. researchers have studied the relationship between the vividness of emotional memories and their accuracy. in study 1, participants’ memories of a famous political assassination attempt were assessed twice, one month and seven months after the event. many participants’ reports included details about where they were, what they were doing, who brought the news, how they and others felt, and what happened afterward. strong emotional reactions to the event were associated with detailed reports that were consistent over time. in study 2, participants described how they had heard about a disaster one day after it had occurred. they answered specific questions about key details. two-and-a-half years later, the memories of nearly half of those participants were reassessed. each participant’s second account was compared with his or her first account. consistency across the two reports was used as a measure of accuracy. although participants expressed confidence in the accuracy of their second accounts, there were many discrepancies. only three participants provided the same account on both occasions, and 25% were wrong about every key detail. half of the participants got one key detail right (for example, who told them), while getting all the others wrong. in addition to omission errors, such as failing to report something that was said, many of the errors were intrusions, such as a detail that was consistent with the situation but missing from the initial report. not all emotional memories involve learning about momentous, newsworthy events. in study 3, participants who viewed a sequence of slides involving a violent car accident remembered more central aspects of the event (for example, a car involved in the accident) and fewer peripheral details (for example, the street). adapted from e. a. kensinger, "remembering the details: effects of emotion." ©2009 sage publications and the international society for research on emotion; u. neisser and n. harsch, "affect and accuracy in recall." ©1996 cambridge university press. question the finding from study 3 regarding the differential effect of emotional arousal on memory for central and peripheral details is best explained by which mechanism? increasing emotional arousal:

Answers

The best mechanism for increasing emotional arousal is by acting on memory consolidation.

What do you understand by emotional arousal?

Heightened physiological activity characterizes the emotional arousal state. In reaction to our daily experiences, we enter the emotional arousal state, which involves experiencing intense emotions like anger and terror. As an illustration, the fight, flight, or freeze reaction is an emotional state of arousal. Arousal improves memory for information with a high priority while impairing memory for information with a low priority. Mara Mather's study focuses on how memory and decisions are influenced by emotion and stress, and how these effects vary by an individual's age and gender. The authors hypothesized that consumers may favor action-oriented events as a result of emotions with high arousal levels signaling a desire for activity. Low arousal levels and emotions may indicate inactivity and cause customers to favor passive events.

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procrastination can be productive if one focuses on completing school tasks they enjoy rather than giving equal time to all tasks.

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This is true procrastination can be productive if one focuses on completing school tasks they enjoy rather than giving equal time to all tasks.

What is procrastination?

This is the term that has to do with the fact that people would rather want to put off the work that they have to do now to a later time in the future.

Procrastination tells us that people would rather do other things first before they come to other things. Hence we can say that This is true procrastination can be productive if one focuses on completing school tasks they enjoy rather than giving equal time to all tasks.

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chris has a one-hour break between classes every wednesday. chris can either stay at the library and study or go to the gym and work out. the decision chris must make is:

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Chris has a one-hour wreck between classes every Wednesday. Chris can both live at the library and study or go to the health club and exercise sessions. the selection Chris must make is: financial trouble because Chris has the handiest one hour throughout which he can look at or workout

Some not unusual synonyms of study recall, ponder and weigh. even as most of these phrases imply "to reflect on consideration on in order to arrive at a judgment or decision," look at implies sustained useful concentration and attention to information and minutiae. observe the plan carefully.

Study Island is a data-pushed requirements mastery answer constructed from the kingdom and countrywide requirements to improve student performance through interactive classes and activities. look at Island's high-impact, high-value learning programs that offer high-quality academic support, online practice, and real-time assessment statistics.

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dr. atkinson focuses her studies on factors such as school, family, and peers. she is most interested in

Answers

Dr. atkinson focuses her studies on factors such as school, family, and peers. she is most interested in environmental factors.

What is environmental factors?

Temperature, food, pollutants, population density, sound, light, and parasites are a few examples of environmental influences. Numerous other types of stress may have effects that are comparable to those produced by the variety of environmental pressures that have been demonstrated to induce asymmetry.

Which five environmental elements are there?

Environmental elements include things like air, water, climate, soil, natural vegetation, and landforms. By definition, environmental factors have an impact on daily life and are a significant contributor to disparities in health between regions.

Environmental risk factors: what are they?

Pollution, radiation, noise, land use practices, or climate change are all environmental health threats . The amount of research demonstrating the connection between the environment and human health is constantly expanding and being updated in the field of environmental health.

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an example of a(n) research study would be where an experiment was conducted on caffeine.

Answers

An example of a(n) Double-blind study research study would be where an experiment was conducted on caffeine.

A double-blind study is one in which neither the members nor the experimenters recognize who is receiving a selected remedy. This technique is utilized to save you bias in research outcomes. Double-blind research is specifically useful for preventing bias due to the call for traits or the placebo effect.

Laptop-generated surveys are double-blind experiments because the participant is finishing the survey online and is unaware of the researcher's focused hypothesis. The researcher is not aware of who's taking part in the test.

Double-blind studies prevent bias while medical doctors compare sufferers' effects. This improves the reliability of clinical trial results. should you've got fitness complications in the course of an ordeal, along with probable drug response, your physician can unblind you and find out which treatment you are receiving.

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Imagine that you're writing a creative short story, and you're really absorbed in what you're doing,
when your roommate interrupts you to ask if you've seen her phone charger. Based on psychological
research, how many minutes will it take you to get back to the level of concentration you had before
the interruption?
A 2 minutes
B 23 minutes
C 17 minutes
D 5 minutes

Answers

D 5

Explanation:

For adults 5 minutes is needed to reconcentrate

Based on psychological research on interruptions and regaining concentration, there are 23 minutes. Therefore, the correct option is B.

According to studies, distraction can severely impair a person's ability to focus and concentrate. A person has to wait an average of 23 minutes before they can fully resume their previous level of focus. This phenomenon is known as the "restart lag" or "task-restart time". As a result, it may take you about 23 minutes to resume writing a creative short story at the same focus level you were at before your roommate's interruption.

Therefore, the correct option is B.

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describe any three qualitative and quantitative indicators of development in brief

Answers

Answer:

Quantitative indicators of development are based on data that can be measured using statistics and numbers. Qualitative indicators of development are descriptive and focus more on specificities and qualifications.

Explanation:

A quantitative indicator of development is GDP per capita.  This is the amount of gross domestic product divided by the number of individuals in a country. It is a powerful measure when comparing the economic standing of different countries.  A country with a low GDP per capita is generally less developed than a country with a higher GDP per capita.  

Qualitative indicators are a description of the quality of a program or social characteristic rather than a measurement. Examples are quality of food supplies where anemia and other nutritional disorders might be high or housing without good ventilation or protection against flying insects.

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