Identify and discuss an issue confronting 21st century businesses today, and explain how you would analyze and resolve the issue. For example, what questions and/or research would you employ, and on what basis would you make your determination?
Answer:
Because of the rapidly developing technology and new innovations, the business world underwent a rapid change in the 21st century. The Internet has a major influence on business.
Small businesses are in a huge loss as the online market is expanding rapidly with the advent of the internet. Door distribution is easy for many people after ordering the sitting at home.
With this online company street retailers are in a deficit. In these online sites the rates are indeed being decreased and therefore people will prefer these much more. We have several instances, such as amazon .
Granite Construction Company is considering selling excess machinery with a book value of $328,100 (original cost of $449,200 less accumulated depreciation of $121,100) for $222,800, less a 6% brokerage commission. Alternatively, the machinery can be leased for a total of $217,860 for five years, after which it is expected to have no residual value. During the period of the lease, Granite Construction Company’s costs of repairs, insurance, and property tax expenses are expected to be $16,708.
Required:
A. Prepare a differential analysis, dated November 7 to determine whether Granite should lease (Alternative 1) or sell (Alternative 2) the machinery.
B. On the basis of the data presented, would it be advisable to lease or sell the machinery? Explain.
Answer:
A)
book value = $328,100
net selling cost = $222,800 - 6% = $209,432
net lease revenue = $217,860 - $16,708 = $201,152
Granite Construction
Differential analysis
November 7
Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Differential
SELL LEASE amount
Revenue from sales $222,800 $0 $222,800
- sales expenses ($3,368) $0 ($3,368)
Revenue from lease $0 $217,860 ($217,860)
- lease expenses $0 ($16,708) $16,708
total $209,432 $201,152 $8,280
B) Granite Construction should sell the equipment since it will earn $8,280 more than leasing it, and that without considering the value of money in time (discount rate on lease revenue).
The annual fixed costs for a plant are $100,000, and the variable costs are $140,000 at 70% utilization of available capacity, with net sales of $280,000. What is the breakeven point in units of production if the selling price per unit is $40
Answer:
With the production 5000 units the plant will achieve it's break even point
Explanation:
Solution
The break even points is the point in a business when the total revenue is exactly the same to the equal expenditure.
The formula is given below:
D' = Cy/(p-cy)
Here
D' =the demand at break even point
p = the selling price
cy= the variable costs per unit
Cy = the total fixed cost
Thus
The total cost of the plant = $100,000
The variable costs = $140,000
The net sales = $280,000
The selling price per unit = $40
The total no units sold per year is given as :
Annual sale (units) = Total sales/Sale per unit
Now,
By the method of substitution we have the following.
Annual sale (units) = $280,000/40
=7000 units/year
The formula for variable cost per unit cy is
cy = Cy/Annual sale (units)
Now,
We substitute in the above equation the value of Cy as $140,000 and annual sale as 7000 units/per year
cy = $140,000/7000
=$20 units
For the demand at break even point D', we have the following:
D' = Cy/(p-cy)
We We substitute in the above equation the value of Cy as $100,000 and p as $40/unit and cy as $20 /unit
D' = 100000/(40 -20)
=5000 units/year
Since World War II, globalization has been driven by two major factors: the decline in barriers to the free flow of goods, services, and capital, and technological change. Business has fueled these trends and has been the beneficiary of these trends. Understanding globalization trends helps businesses identify opportunities and threats in their environment. Understanding these trends will also make the changes much more manageable. International businesses have greater flexibility, more options, and a broader scope to consider globalization of production and globalization of markets. Match the driving force to the correct description and implication for business.
a. declining trade barriers
b. technology transportation
c. declining investment barriers
d. technology computing and communication
Match each of the options above to the items below.
1. lower tariffs and increased international trade in goods and services rapid.
2. FDI growth and new production opportunities and new markets.
3. explosive growth of high-power, low-cost computing and growth in services.
4. faster and cheaper shipping and optimal production.
Answer: a to 1
b to 4
c to 2
d to 3
Explanation:
A to 1
Due to declining Trade barriers largely driven by trade agreements, countries are able to trade on a larger scale than before because goods are able to move in and out of a country with less hindrances. Tariffs are no longer as high and this has spurred companies to trade across borders to take advantage of new markets that do not increase their costs of selling.
B to 4.
With technology being applied to transportation, shipping has been made easier and faster and has also improved access to markets. Since World War II, the world has become smaller due to vessels capable for circumnavigating the world at a fraction of the time that they used to. Now vehicles like cargo planes and bullet trains can carry goods faster and at a cheaper rate thus inspiring people to keep trading.
C to 2
With Investment Barriers being lifted, entities in one country now have easier access to Investment opportunities in another. People and companies who had resources sitting ideal have now found new markets to invest in. This has improved those markets as well as giving wealth to the investors in a sort of win win situation.
D to 3
Computing since the days of the second World War and now are so Stark in difference that people then would probably view computing now as unfathomable. With this growth in computer processing, people around the world are able to trade faster and more efficiently with goods now at the tip of their fingers. Even stocks in Tokyo can easily be traded on by people in Cairo and in Alaska you can order a good from Sri Lanka. This accessibility has greatly improved trade.
A company purchased a computer system at a cost of $25,000. The estimated useful life is 6 years, and the estimated residual value is $8,000. Assuming the company uses the double-declining-balance method, what is the depreciation expense for the second year
Answer:
$5,102
Explanation:
Double declining Method
Cost $ 25,000
B Residual Value $2,000
C = A - B Depreciable base $23,000
D Life [in years] 7
E = C/D Annual SLM depreciation $3,286
F = E/C SLM Rate 14.29%
G = F x 2 DDB Rate 28.57%
.
Depreciation schedule-Double declining
Year Beginning Book Value Depreciation rate Depreciation expense Accumulated Depreciation Ending Book Value
1 $25,000 , 28.57%, $7,143 , $7,143 $17,857
2 $17,857, 28.57%, $ 5,102 , $ 12,245, $12,755
Ecco Company sold $147,000 of kitchen appliances with six-month warranties during September. The cost to repair defects under the warranty is estimated at 6% of the sales price. On October 15, a customer required a $120 part replacement, plus $84 labor under the warranty.
a. Provide the journal entry for the estimated expense on September 30.
b. Provide the journal entry for the October 15 warranty work. If an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank.
Answer:
a. Provide the journal entry for the estimated expense on September 30.
September 30, warranty liability
Dr Warranty expense 8,820
Cr Warranty liability 8,820
b. Provide the journal entry for the October 15 warranty work. If an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank.
October 15, warranty work
Dr Warranty liability 204
Cr Inventory - parts 120
Cr wages payable 84
Warranty expense must be recognized during the period that the associated sales are made, and as the expenses are accrued, you should debit the warranty liability account.
You are a crude oil dealer. You intend to sell 40,000 barrels of crude oil in December. Each contract calls for delivery of 1,000 barrels of oil. Current futures price of one barrel of crude oil is $70. You believe that there are only four possible oil prices in December which are $50, $60, $70, and $80. i. Explain what action you would take to protect from changes in oil prices in December. Provide reasons for your action. ii. Calculate the total proceeds for each of the possible prices in December. Question 3 3 marks
Answer:
i. buy put option
ii. Proceeds will be as follows:
$50 : 2,000,000
$60 : 2,400,000
$70 : 2,800,000
$80 : 3,200,000
Explanation:
i. A put is option is one in which buyer of the option has a right to sell the asset at an agreed price at a later date. There can be a premium on the purchase of an option but its safe to buy an option to reduce risk exposure.
ii. $50 : 2,000,000 (40,000 barrels * $50)
$60 : 2,400,000 (40,000 barrels * $60)
$70 : 2,800,000 (40,000 barrels * $70)
$80 : 3,200,000 (40,000 barrels * $80)
NewTech Incorporated management plans on paying the company's first dividend of $2.00 three years from today (D3 = $2.00) on its' common stock. After year three the dividend is expected to grow at a constant rate of 5% thereafter. As an investor with a required rate of return of 15%, what would you pay for NewTech common stock today?
Answer:
Stock price today = $13.807
Explanation:
According to the dividend valuation model , the current price of a stock is the present value of the expected future dividends discounted at the required rate of return
This principle can be applied as follows:
The value of cash flow the stock today is the present value of the future cash flow discounted at the required rate of return
Step 1 : Compute the PV in year 3 of future dividend
PV = D× (1+g)/r-g
D- div in year 3, g- growth rate, r-required rate of return
PV in year 3 = 2× (1.05)/0.15-0.05
= 21
Step 2: PV in year in year 0
PV = PV in year 3 × (1+r)^(-n)
r-rate of return- 15%, n- number of years- 3
= 21 × 1.15^(-3)
=13.80784088
Stock price today = $13.807
Maxxie purchased a tract of land for $24,500. Today, the same land is worth $43,800. How many years have passed if the price of the land has increased at an annual rate of 6.4 percent
Answer:
9.35 years
Explanation:
To find the numbers of years that have passed, you can use the following formula:
n = ln(FV / IV)/ln(1 + r)
n= number of periods
FV= Future value= $43,800
IV= Initial value= $24,500
r= rate= 6.4%
n=ln(43,800/24,500)/ln(1+0.064)
n= ln1.79/ln1.064
n=0.58/0.062
n= 9.35
According to this, 9.35 years have passed.
Some of the information found on a detail inventory card for Headland Inc. for the first month of operations is as follows.
Received
Date No. of Units Unit Cost Issued, No. of Units Balance, No. of Units
January 2 1,700 $3.39 1,700
7 1,200 500
10 1,100 $3.62 1,600
13 1,000 600
18 1,500 $3.73 800 1,300
20 1,100 200
23 1,800 $3.84 2,000
26 1,300 700
28 2,100 $3.96 2,800
31 1,800 1,000
Calculate average-cost per unit. (Round answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. 2.76.)
Average-cost per unit $ _____
From these data compute the ending inventory on each of the following bases. Assume that perpetual inventory records are kept in units only.
(1) First-in, first-out (FIFO).
(2) Last-in, first-out (LIFO).
(3) Average-cost. (Round final answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 6,548.)
(1) FIFO (2) LIFO (3) Average-cost
Ending Inventory $ $ $
If the perpetual inventory record is kept in dollars, and costs are computed at the time of each withdrawal, would the amounts shown as ending inventory in (1), (2), and (3) above be the same? What amount would be shown as ending inventory? (Round average cost per unit to 4 decimal places, e.g. 2.7621 and final answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 6,548.)
Answer:
Average-cost per unit $ $3.73
ending inventory in units only:
FIFO = 1,000 x $3.96 = $3,960LIFO = 1,000 x $3.39 = $3,390 Average = $3,728
ending inventory including $:
FIFO = 1,000 x $3.96 = $3,960 (this will not change)LIFO = 1,000 x $3.96 = $3,960 (this will change) Average = $3,728 / (this will not change)Explanation:
Date units units unit total balance
purchased sold price
January 2 1,700 $3.39 $5763 1,700
7 1,200 500
10 1,100 $3.62 $3982 1,600
13 1,000 600
18 1,500 $3.73 $5595 2,100
18 800 1,300
20 1,100 200
23 1,800 $3.84 $6912 2,000
26 1,300 700
28 2,100 $3.96 $8316 2,800
31 1,800 1,000
total 8,200 $3.7278 $30,568
What are some examples of potential intangible benefits of investment proposals? Why do these intangible benefits complicate the capital budgeting evaluation process? What might happen if intangible benefits are ignored in a capital budgeting decision?
Answer: The answer is provided below
Explanation:
An intangible benefit is a subjective benefit that one can't actually touch, and is also difficult to measure in terms of dollar.
Examples of potential intangible benefits of investment proposals will be the improved safety, increased product quality, and an enhanced employee loyalty.
Intangible benefits complicate capital budgeting evaluation process due to the fact that they can't be easily measured, hence, their value can be hard to quantify.
When intangible benefits are ignored in a capital budgeting decision, it
may result in rejecting of projects that may have financial benefits to the company.
Based on guidelines established by the accounting manager, Jaime, the accounts payable clerk, makes payments to vendors in order to maximize discounts. What type of decision does this represent?
Answer:
Programmed.
Explanation:
This is a form of decision that is has been made or is been made by as manager just like Jaime the account managing clerk which is repetitive or occurs steadily and over and over. The fact that it happens this steadily makes it a programmed decision.
This decision making are always taken in accordance with some establishment habit, regulations or procedures while the nature of problem that requires a non programmed decision is unstructured and something different. It needs a higher management participation.
In programmed decision making, there could likely be no error in the decisions because it is a routine and managers usually have the information they need to create rules and guidelines to be followed by others.
The following equity investment transactions were completed by Romero Company during a recent year:
Apr. 10 Purchased 3,600 shares of Dixon Company for a price of $51 per share plus a brokerage commission of $95.
July 8 Received a quarterly dividend of $0.95 per share on the Dixon Company investment.
Sept. 10 Sold 2,000 shares for a price of $41 per share less a brokerage commission of $75.
Journalize the entries for these transactions.
Answer:
The journal entries will look as follows:
Explanation:
Date Particulars Dr ($) Cr ($)
Apr 10 Investments - Dixon (w.1.) 183,695
Cash (w.1.) 183.695
(To record total value of investment in Dixon Company.)
July 8 Cash 3,420
Dividend revenue (w.2.) 3,420
(To record dividend revenue from Dixon Company shares.)
Sept. 10 Cash (w.3.) 81,925
Loss on investment sold (w.5.) 20,128
Investments - Dixon (w.4.) 102,053
(To record sales of investment in Dixon Company.)
Workings:
w.1. Total value of investment in Dixon Company = (3,600 * $51) + $95 = $183,695
w.2. Dividend revenue = 3,600 * $0.95 = $3,420
w.3. = Cash = (2,000 * 41) - $75 = $81,925
w.4. Value of investment in Dixon = ($183,695 / $3,600) * 2,000 = $102,053
w.5. Loss on sale of investment = w.3. - w.4. = $102,053 - $81,925 = $20,128
Lexigraphic Printing Company is considering replacing a machine that has been used in its factory for four years. Relevant data associated with the operations of the old machine and the new machine, neither of which has any estimated residual value, are as follows:
Old Machine
Cost of machine, 10-year life $89,000
Annual depreciation (straight-line) 8,900
Annual manufacturing costs, excluding depreciation 23,600
Annual non-manufacturing operating expenses 6,100
Annual revenue 74,200
Current estimated selling price of machine 29,700
New Machine
Purchase price of machine, six-year life $119,700
Annual depreciation (straight-line) 19,950
Estimated annual manufacturing costs,
excluding depreciation 6,900
Annual non-manufacturing operating expenses and revenue are not expected to be affected by purchase of the new machine.
Required:
1. Prepare a differential analysis as of April 30 comparing operations using the present machine (Alternative 1) with operations using the new machine (Alternative 2). The analysis should indicate the total differential income that would result over the six-year period if the new machine is acquired. Refer to the lists of Labels and Amount Descriptions for the exact wording of the answer choices for text entries. For those boxes in which you must enter subtracted or negative numbers use a minus sign. If there is no amount or an amount is zero, enter "0". A colon (:) will automatically appear if required.
Differential Analysis
Continue with Old Machine (Alternative 1) or Replace Old Machine (Alternative 2)
April 30
1 Continue with Old Machine Replace Old Machine Differential Effect on Income
2 (Alternative 1) (Alternative 2) (Alternative 2)
3
4
5
6
7
8
2. Choices of what other factors should be considered.
Was the purchase price of the old machine too high?
What effect does the federal income tax have on the decision?
What opportunities are available for the use of the $90,000 of funds ($119,700 less $29,700 proceeds from the old machine) that are required to purchase the new machine?
Should management have purchased a different model of the old machine?
Are there any improvements in the quality of work turned out by the new machine?
Answer:
old machine:
depreciation costs $8,900
other manufacturing costs $23,600
other non-manufacturing expenses $6,100
annual revenue $74,000
new machine:
purchase price $119,700 - 29,700 (sales price of old machine) = $90,000
depreciation costs $19,950
other manufacturing costs $6,900
other non-manufacturing expenses $6,100
annual revenue $74,000
1)
DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS
Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Differential
old machine new machine amount
Purchase cost $0 ($119,700) ($119,700)
Proceeds from sale $0 $29,700 $29,700
Total revenues $444,000 $444,000 $0
Manufacturing costs ($141,600) ($41,400) $100,200
(excluding dep.)
Other non- ($36,600) ($36,600) $0
manufacturing costs
Total $265,800 $276,000 $10,200
If the company purchases the new machine, its differential revenue will be higher considering the 6 years of useful life. But we are missing two important aspects: required rate of return and tax rate, which could affect our decision.
2) Choices of what other factors should be considered.
What effect does the federal income tax have on the decision?
Net cash flows are affected by deprecation expense and how they are taxed. Alternative 2 would benefit from higher tax rates.What opportunities are available for the use of the $90,000 of funds ($119,700 less $29,700 proceeds from the old machine) that are required to purchase the new machine?
We should discount the future cash flows using the company's WACC.Are there any improvements in the quality of work turned out by the new machine?
If the new machine improves the quality of our products or reduces production time, then that is something that should be considered.Ratio proficiency McDougal Printing, Inc., had sales totaling $ 41 comma 000 comma 000 in fiscal year 2019. Some ratios for the company are listed below. Use this information to determine the dollar values of various income statement and balance sheet accounts as requested. Assume a 365-day year. Calculate values for the following: a. Gross profits b. Cost of goods sold c. Operating profits d. Operating expenses e. Earnings available for common stockholders f. Total assets g. Total common stock equity h. Accounts receivable
Answer:
a. Gross profits
= total sales x gross profit margin = $41,000,000 x 76% = $31,160,000
b. Cost of goods sold
= total sales - gross profit = $41,000,000 - $31,160,000 = $9,840,000
c. Operating profits
= total sales x operating profit margin = $41,000,000 x 31% = $12,710,000
d. Operating expenses
= total sales - operating profit = $41,000,000 - $12,710,000 = $28,290,000
e. Earnings available for common stockholders
= net profits = total sales x net profit margin = $41,000,000 x 9% = $3,690,000
f. Total assets
asset turnover = revenue / total assets
total assets = revenue / 2.1 = $41,000,000 / 2.1 = $19,523,810
g. Total common stock equity
ROE = net income / equity
equity = net income / ROE = $3,690,000 / 23% = $16,043,478
h. Accounts receivable
average collection period = 365 / accounts receivable turnover
54.5 = 365 / accounts receivable turnover
accounts receivable turnover = 365 / 54.5 = 6.697248
accounts receivable turnover = sales / accounts receivable
accounts receivable = sales / accounts receivable turnover = $41,000,000 / 6.697248 = $6,121,918
Explanation:
McDougal Printing, Inc.
Year Ended December 31, 2019
Sales $41,000,000
Gross profit margin 76% =
Operating profit margin 31%
Net profit margin 9%
Return on total assets 18.9%
Return on common equity 23%
Total asset turnover 2.1
Average collection period 54.5 days
The following comparative income statement (in thousands of dollars) for the two recent fiscal years was adapted from the annual report of Speedway Motorsports, Inc., owner and operator of several major motor speedways, such as the Atlanta, Texas, and Las Vegas Motor Speedways.
1 Current Year Previous Year
2 Revenues:
3 Admissions $116,034.00 $130,239.00
4 Event-related revenue 151,562.00 163,621.00
5 NASCAR broadcasting revenue 192,662.00 185,394.00
6 Other operating revenue 29,902.00 26,951.00
7 Total revenue $490,160.00 $506,205.00
8 Expenses and other:
9 Direct expense of events $101,402.00 $106,204.00
10 NASCAR purse and sanction fees 122,950.00 120,146.00
11Other direct expenses 18,908.00 20,352.00
12 General and administrative 183,215.00 241,223.00
13 Total expenses and other $426,475.00 $487,925.00
14 Income from continuing operations $63,685.00 $18,280.00
Required:
A. Prepare a comparative income statement for these two years in vertical form, stating each item as a percent of revenues. Enter all amounts as positive numbers. Rounding instructions
B. Comment on the significant changes.
Prepare a comparative income statement for these two years in vertical form, stating each item as a percent of revenues. Enter all amounts as positive numbers. Rounding instructions
Answer:
A)
Speedway Motorsports, Inc.
Comparative Income statement
For the Years 202x and 202x₋₁
202x 202x₋₁
Total revenue $490,160 $506,205
Admissions 23.67% 25.73%Event related 30.92% 32.32%NASCAR broadcasting 39.31% 36.63%Other operating revenue 6.1% 5.32%Direct expenses: 49.63% 48.74%
Direct expense of events 20.69% 20.98% NASCAR purse & sanction fees 25.08% 23.73%Other direct expenses 3.86% 4.03%General and administrative 37.38% 47.65%
Income from continuing operations 12.99% 3.61%
B) The most significant changes are that total revenues actually decreased, but net income from operating activities actually creased both in $ amounts and as % of total revenue. Direct expenses remained at similar levels during both years, even 202x₋₁ direct expenses were lower. But the most significant cost reduction was made on general and administrative expenses which were lowered by almost 10% (compared to total revenues). Only NASCAR broadcasting related revenues increased, while all the other revenues decreased in % and absolute amounts.
A chain of supermarkets specializing in gourmet food, has been using the average cost method to value its inventory. During the current year, the company changed to the first-in, first-out method of inventory valuation. The president of the company reasoned that this change was appropriate since it would more closely match the flow of physical goods. This change should be reported on the financial statements as A. Change in accounting estimate. B. Affecting only future periods. C. Cumulative-effect type accounting change. D. Correction of an error.
Answer: Affecting only future periods.
Explanation:
From the question, we are informed that a chain of supermarkets specializing in gourmet food, that has been using the average cost method to value its inventory changed to the FIFO method in the current year.
This change should be reported on the financial statements as a retroactive effect type of an accounting change. This is necessary because it affects future period and in order to maintain comparability and consistency.
List five goods that are likely to be sold in a monopolistically.competitive market.
Answer:
Cars
Toothpaste
Toilet paper
Hairspray
Televisions
Solve accepted a 60-day, 9 percent note from Pete Houghton in settlement of his past-due account for $6,000. On April 9, Westwood Company discounted the note at the First National Bank. The bank charged a discount rate of 12 percent. What is the amount of the proceeds
Missing information:
The note was accepted on March 10
Answer:
$6,029.10
Explanation:
in order to answer the question, I assumed a 360 day year, so 60 days = 2/12 of a year
the note's value on maturity date = principal + accrued interest = $6,000 + ($6,000 x 9% x 2/12) = $6,000 + $90 = $6,090
bank charges = note's value on maturity date x discount rate x 30 days = $6,090 x 12% x 1/12 = $60.90
net proceeds = $6,090 - $60.90 = $6,029.10
Marx and Springsteen provides hair-cutting services in the local community. In February, the business cut the hair of 200 clients, earned $ 5,100 in revenues, and incurred the following operating costs:
Hair saloon expense: $500
Building rent expense: 1458
Utilities expense: 200
Depreciation expense--- Equipment: 50
Required:
What was the cost of service to provide one haircut?
Answer:
Cost of service to provide one haircut is $ 11.04
Explanation:
Hair saloon expense: $500
Building rent expense: $1,458
Utilities expense: $200
Depreciation expense --- Equipment: $50
Total operating cost = Hair saloon expense + Building rent expense + Utilities expense + Depreciation expense
= $500 + $1,458 + $200 + $50
= $ 2,208
Total hair cuts = 200
Therefore, cost per hair cut = Total operating cost ÷ Total hair cuts
= $2,208 ÷ $200
= $ 11.04
Sandhill Company reports the following operating results for the month of August: sales $382,500 (units 5,100), variable costs $245,000, and fixed costs $98,000. Management is considering the following independent courses of action to increase net income.
1. Increase selling price by 16% with no change in total variable costs or units sold.
2. Reduce variable costs to 59% of sales.
Compute the net income to be earned under each alternative.
1. Net Income
$enter a dollar amount
2. Net Income
$enter a dollar amount
Which course of action will produce the higher net income? select an option
Answer:
Results are below.
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Sales $382,500 (units 5,100 $75 per unit)
variable costs $245,000 (48.04 per unit)
fixed costs $98,000.
Option 1:
Increase selling price by 16%.
New selling price= 75*1.16= 87
Sales= 5,100*87= 443,700
variable costs= (245,000)
fixed costs= (98,000)
Net income= 100,700
2. Reduce variable costs to 59% of sales.
Contribution margin= (382,500*0.41)= 156,825
fixed costs= (98,000)
Net income= 58,825
The most profitable option is the first one.
Adger Corporation is a service company that measures its output based on the number of customers served. The company provided the following fixed and variable cost estimates that it uses for budgeting purposes and the actual results for May as shown below:
Fixed Element Variable Element Actual Total
per Month per Customer Served for May
Revenue $5,000 $160,000
Employee salaries and wages $50,000 $1,100 $88,000
Travel expenses $600 $19,000
Other expenses $36,000 $34,500
When preparing its planning budget, the company estimated that it would serve 30 customers per month; however, during May the company actually served 35 customers.
Required:
1. What amount of revenue would be included in Adger's flexible budget for May?
2. What amount of employee salaries and wages would be included in Adger's flexible budget for May?
3. What amount of travel expenses would be included in Adger's flexible budget for May?
4. What amount of other expenses would be included in Adger's flexible budget for May?
5. What net operating income would appear in Adger's flexible budget for May?
Answer:
1. Total Revenue in May $ 175,000
2. Total Salaries & wages For May $ 88500
3. Total Travel Expenses for May $21,000
4. Other Expense $ 36,000
5. Operating Income $ 65,500
Explanation:
Given
Adger Corporation
Fixed Element Variable Element Actual Total
per Month per Customer Served for May
Revenue $5,000 $160,000
Employee Salaries
& wages $50,000 $1,100 $88,000
Travel expenses $600 $19,000
Other expenses $36,000 $34,500
There were 35 customers.
Revenue = $5000 per customer
We can easily calculate as we have been given the number of customers and the variable element of expense per customer.
1. Total Revenue in May = 5000 * 35= $ 175,000
Variable Salaries & wages = $ 1100 per customer
Total Variable Salaries & wages = $ 1100 *35= $ 38500
2. Total Salaries & wages For May = Variable + Fixed
= $ 38500 + $50,000= $ 88500
Travel expenses = $600per customer
3. Total Travel Expenses for May = $ 600 *35= $21,000
4. Other Expense = Fixed Expenses = $ 36,000 ( there are no variable expenses)
5. Operating Income= Revenue - Employee Salaries - Travel Expenses
= $ 175,000- $ 88500 - $ 21,000= $ 65,500
Other expenses are included in the net income statement not operating income statement.
On May 1, 2021, Bonita Industries declared and issued a 10% common stock dividend. Prior to this dividend, Bonita had 195000 shares of $1 par value common stock issued and outstanding. The fair value of Bonita's common stock was $24 per share on May 1, 2021. As a result of this stock dividend, Bonita's total stockholders' equity:______
a. decreased by $480700.
b. increased by $480700.
c. did not change.
d. decreased by $23000.
Answer:
No Answer in Option but the Equity decreases by $468,000
Explanation:
From the question,
Common Stock that Bonita industries had at par $1 = $195,000
They issued a common stock dividend= 10%
The Value of Stock dividend = 10/100 * 195,000 = $19,500
The fair value of Bonita's common stock was $24 per share on May 1, 2021. Hence, the stock dividend will be 19,500 * 24 = $468,000
We must understand that Stock dividend are issued from Retained Earning, hence as a result of this stock dividend, Bonita's total stockholder equity decreased by $468,000
James would like to deposit enough money in a savings account to have $8,000 at the end of year 3. Assuming the investment will earn 5% compounded annually, what amount should James deposit in the savings account today
Answer:
$6910.70
Explanation:
At the end of each year, the account balance will be 1.05 times the value at the beginning of the year. Thus, at the end of year 3, the value is 1.05^3 times the original value.
$8000 = (deposit)×1.05^3
deposit = $8000/1.05^3 ≈ $6910.70
James should deposit $6910.70 today.
There are 100 used laptop g for sale on the market. 40% of them are in good condition, and the rest of them are broken, which is the common knowledge to the owners and the buyers. Owners of broken laptops are willing to sell them for $300. Owners of good used laptops are willing to sell them if the price is above $1600 but will keep them if the price is lower than $1600. There is a large number of potential buyers who are willing to pay $2000 for a good laptop and $600 for a broken laptop. Buyers can't tell good laptops from bad, but original owners know. In equilibrium, what could be the maximum price set for a broken laptop to be sold
Answer:
In equilibrium the maximum price set for a broken laptop to be sold is $600
Explanation:
According to the given data we have the following:
It is given that 40% laptops are in good condition. This implies that 60% are in bad condition.
In ordert to calculate the maximum price set for a broken laptop to be sold we would have to calculate the expected price that the buyers will be willing to pay for a laptop as follows:
Expected price=0.60($2000)+0.40($600)
Expected price=$1,200+$240
Expected price=$1,440
As the owners of good laptops are willing to sell their laptops for $1,800, whis is more that $1,440, they will not sell their products.
This implies that only bad laptops are sold in the market. The willingless to pay for the bad laptops is $600
Therefore, In equilibrium the maximum price set for a broken laptop to be sold is $600
Salaries for professions (such as architect or medical doctor) that require a long period of study are typically higher than those for other jobs. The reasons for this are all of the following EXCEPT __________.a. students sacrifice a good deal of present incomeb. status deserves more reward in the form of wagesc. long periods of schooling incur greater current costsd. future income is worth less than present income
Answer:
d. future income is worth less than present income
Explanation:
Remember, since we want an exception to all the possible reasons for higher salaries of those in medical and architectural profession, we carefully examine the reasons given.
However, in no way is it because those of this profession (architect, medical doctors) would earn future income worth less than their present income a basis for their higher salaries than other jobs, since most often they earn more as they the years goes by in their profession.
Engineering Wonders reports net income of $63 million. Included in that number is building depreciation expense of $5.3 million and a gain on the sale of land of $1.3 million. Records reveal decreases in accounts receivable, accounts payable, and inventory of $2.3 million, $3.3 million, and $4.3 million, respectively. What are Engineering Wonders' net cash flows from operating activities? (List cash outflows and any decrease in cash as negative amounts. Enter your answer in millions. (i.e., $10,000,000 should be entered as 10).)
Answer:
70.3
Explanation:
The calculation of net cash flows from operating activities is shown below:-
Engineering Wonders reports
Net cash flow from operating activities
Particulars Amount
Net income 63
Adjustment to reconcile net
income to net cash
flow from operating activities
Add: Depreciation expense 5.3
Less: Gain on sale of land 1.3
Add: Decrease in Accounts
receivable 2.3
Less: Decrease in accounts
payable 3.3
Add: Decrease in inventory 4.3
Net cash flow from operating
activities 70.3
Therefore the net cash flow from operating activities is 70.3.
For 2018, Winters Manufacturing uses machineminushours as the only overhead costminusallocation base. The direct cost rate is $ 6 per unit. The selling price of the product is $ 21. The estimated manufacturing overhead costs are $ 275 comma 000 and estimated 40 comma 000 machine hours. The actual manufacturing overhead costs are $ 350 comma 000 and actual machine hours are 50 comma 000. What is the profit margin earned if each unit requires two machineminushours?
Answer:
Profit margin per unit= $1.25
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
The direct cost rate is $ 6 per unit.
The selling price of the product is $ 21.
Estimated manufacturing overhead= $275,000
Estimated machine-hours= 40,000
Actual machine hours are 50,000
First, we need to calculate the predetermined overhead rate:
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= total estimated overhead costs for the period/ total amount of allocation base
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= 275,000/40,000= $6.875 per machine hour
Now, we can allocate overhead:
Allocated MOH= Estimated manufacturing overhead rate* Actual amount of allocation base
Allocated MOH= 6.875*2= $13.75
Finally, the profit margin:
Profit margin per unit= 21 - 6 - 13.75= $1.25
Mahugh Corporation, which has only one product, has provided the following data concerning its most recent month of operations:
Selling price $122
Units in beginning inventory 0
Units produced 8,300
Units sold 8,200
Units in ending inventory 100
Variable costs per unit:
Direct materials $27
Direct labor $46
Variable manufacturing overhead $4
Variable selling and administrative $7
Fixed costs:
Fixed manufacturing overhead $199,200
Fixed selling and administrative $106,600
Required:
a. What is the unit product cost for the month under variable costing?
b. What is the unit product cost for the month under absorption costing?
c. Prepare an income statement for the month using the contribution format and the variable costing method.
d. Prepare an income statement for the month using the absorption costing method.
e. Reconcile the variable costing and absorption costing operating incomes for the month.
Answer:
a. $77
b. $101
c.Income statement for the month using the contribution format and the variable costing method.
Sales ( $122 × 8,200) 1,000,400
Less Cost of Sales
Opening Stock 0
Add Cost of Goods Manufactured (8,300× $77) 639,100
Less Closing stock ( 100 × $77) (7,700) (631,400)
Contribution 369,000
Less Expenses
Fixed manufacturing overhead ($199,200)
Variable selling and administrative ($7×8,200) (57,400)
Fixed selling and administrative ($106,600)
Net Income / (Loss) 5,800
d.Income statement for the month using the absorption costing method.
Sales ( $122 × 8,200) 1,000,400
Less Cost of Sales
Opening Stock 0
Add Cost of Goods Manufactured (8,300× $101) 838,300
Less Closing stock ( 100 × $101) (10,100) (828,200)
Contribution 172,200
Less Expenses
Variable selling and administrative ($7×8,200) (57,400)
Fixed selling and administrative ($106,600)
Net Income / (Loss) 8,200
e.Reconcile the variable costing and absorption costing operating incomes for the month
Absorption Costing Net Profit 8,200
Add Fixed Costs in Opening Stock 0
Less Fixed Costs in Closing Stock (100 × $24) (2,400)
Variable Costing Net Profit 5,800
Explanation:
Product Cost (Variable Costing) = All Variable Manufacturing Costs
= $27 + $46 + $4
= $77
Product Cost (Absorption Costing) = All Variable Manufacturing Costs + All Fixed Manufacturing Costs
= $77 + ($199,200/8,300)
= $77 + $24
= $101
Income Statements
Non Manufacturing Costs are treated as a Periodic Cost in Absorption Costing Income Statement
Whilst Both Fixed Manufacturing Costs and Non Manufacturing Costs are treated as a Periodic Cost in Variable Costing Income Statement.
Reconciliation
The difference in Profit is due to Fixed Cost component absorbed in Absorption Costing.
2. The Fourth of July Company agreed to ship a quantity of fireworks to Behan. After Behan pays in full, he learns that state law prohibits this type of sale. Before the fireworks are sent, Behan calls to cancel this contract and to demand his money back. May he recover his money in court
Answer:
Behan will recover his amount.
Explanation:
The contract has not been formed as the contract is only enforceable if the contract is legally allowed which means that the selling of fireworks in this case scenario is not allowed and hence Behan and Fourth of July Company are both equally responsible for not committing to such type of agreements. So the company must payback the money as the contract is not enforceable in the jurisdiction.