Answer:
Dr salaries expense $6,000
Cr salaries payable $6,0000
Explanation:
Since the $10,000 payroll charge on Friday is for the whole week, an appropriate adjustment for month close on a Wednesday would to recognize the amount payable to employees for that week from Monday till Wednesday as follows:
Amount of salaries owed on Wednesday=$10,000*3/5=$6,000
The appropriate entries for the above would a debit to salaries expense for $6,000 while a credit goes to salaries payable
Consider a linear, upward sloping supply curve. If the supply curve shifts upward, then: the price elasticity of supply will increase. the price elasticity of supply will increase if the slope of the supply curve is greater than one and the lowest price needed to induce firms to supply anything is positive. the price elasticity of supply will increase if the slope of the supply curve is greater than one. the price elasticity of supply will be constant. none of the above
Answer:
The answer is: the price elasticity of supply will increase if the slope of the supply curve is greater than one and the lowest price needed to induce firms to supply anything is positive
Explanation:
The law of supply is the higher the price the higher the quantity supplied and vice-versa. An increase in supply shifts the supply curve to the right and a decrease shifts the supply curve to the left.
Price elasticity of supply is the ratio of percentage change in quantity supplied of a good to percentage change in price of the good.
The upward shift of supply curve tells us that supply often decreases when the costs of production increase, so producers need to set a higher price inorder to cover the higher cost of inputs(cost of production) and vice-versa for the downward shift.
So considering a linear, upward sloping supply curve. If the supply curve shifts upward, then the price elasticity of supply will increase if the slope in greater than one(supply is elastic) indicating a high responsiveness to changes in price. And also, the lowest price for the goods must be encouraging (positive) so as to serve as motivation to produce.
Note: A high price tells producers that a good is in demand and they should make more and vice-versa
The law of supply is the higher the price the higher the quantity supplied and vice-versa. An increase in supply shifts the supply curve to the right and a decrease shifts the supply curve to the left.
Correct option is C.
"the price elasticity of supply will increase if the slope of the supply curve is greater than one and the lowest price needed to induce firms to supply anything is positive."
So, considering a linear, upward sloping supply curve. If the supply curve shifts upward, then the price elasticity of supply will increase if the slope in greater than one(supply is elastic) indicating a high responsiveness to changes in price. And also, the lowest price for the goods must be encouraging (positive) so as to serve as motivation to produce.
To know more about Supply Curve, refer to the link:
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Brickhouse is expected to pay a dividend of $3.65 and $2.66 over the next two years, respectively. After that, the company is expected to increase its annual dividend at 3.3 percent. What is the stock price today if the required return is 12.3 percent
Answer:
The stock price today is $ 29.56
Explanation:
Dividend for year 1, d₁ = $ 3.65
Dividend for year 2, d₂ = $ 2.66
Required rate = 12.3% = 0.123
Growth rate = 3.3% = 0.033
Value after year 2= (d₂ × Growth rate) ÷ (Required rate - Growth rate)
= (2.66 × 1.033) ÷ (0.123 - 0.033)
=30.5308889
Hence current price = Future dividend and value × Present value of discounting factor(rate%,time period)
= (3.65÷1.123) + (2.66÷[tex]1.123^2[/tex] ) + (30.5308889 ÷[tex]1.123^2[/tex] )
=$29.56
Agency theory presents some important managerial considerations. Broadly speaking, governance mechanisms need to assure alignment of incentives between principals and agents. The text provides an example of financial institutions in the situation of profits remaining within the firm while losses are paid by the public as a description of:________.A) a board of directors' problem.B) a challenge of information symmetry.C) a moral hazard problem.D) a private information problem.E) an adverse selection problem.
Answer: a moral hazard problem
Explanation:
Agency theory is a principle used to explain and resolve the issues in the relationship that exists between business principals and their agents. The relationship is usually the one between the shareholders who act as the principals, and the company executives who act as the agents.
When banks are bailed out through public funds for the excessive risky mortgage obligations or undue risk taking, this lead to increase in moral hazard. The gains of successful risk taking will stay with the private firm and the risks would be shared with the other parties.
Last year, Bad Tattoo Co. had additions to retained earnings of $4,865 on sales of $95,805. The company had costs of $75,885, dividends of $3,040, and interest expense of $2,120. If the tax rate was 35 percent, what the depreciation expense
Answer:
The depreciation expense is $5638.46 and the Addition to retained earnings is 4865
Explanation:
Solution
Given that:
Sales = $95805
Less: Costs = $75885
Less depreciation expense ($95805 - $75,885 - 14281.54) = $5638.46
EBIT (12161.54 + 2120) = 14281.54
Less: Interest expense =2120
EBT (100%)(7905/0.65) = 12161.54
Less: tax at 35%(12161.54*35%) =4256.54
The Net income(65%) = 7905
The Less:dividends = 3040
Addition to retained earnings =4865
Wal-Mart's Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) systems automate ordering and payment processes with suppliers, thereby reducing cost and improving order accuracy. Which of the five logistics decisions does this refer to?
A) Location
B) Transportation
C) Information
D) Warehousing
Answer:
Information
Explanation:
The automation capturesthe customer's information and speeds up the ordering process.
I hope my answer helps you
Popson Inc. incurred a material loss that was unusual in character. This loss should be reported as: Multiple Choice a discontinued operation. a line item between income from continuing operations and income from discontinued operations. a line item within income from continuing operations. a line item in the retained earnings statement.
Answer:
A line item within income from continuing operations.
Explanation:
In the United States of America, the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) usually considers or acknowledges material losses that are unusual in character incurred by businesses. It is necessary to report items that are unusual in character because it gives auditors or financial experts clarity on which profits or losses are not related to the operation of the business.
Since the material loss incurred by Popson Inc. was unusual in character. Hence, this loss should be reported as a line item within income from continuing operations.
The income from continuing operations is a net income from an organization's continuous operation.
Answer:
a line item within income from continuing operations.
Explanation:
Given that, from the above question, the company which is Popson Inc. incurred material loss when in operation, the loss should be reported as: a line item within income from continue operation, due to following reasons:
1. Aside extraordinary items, gains and loss, expenditures and revenues from discountinued operation in business, all other items will be recorded in a line item within income from continuing operations.
2. Based on International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) material losses that are unusual in character incurred by businesses are reported, as it gives auditors or financial experts clarity on which profits or losses are not related to the operation of the business.
Hence, Popson Inc. incurred a material loss that was unusual in character, should be reported as: a line item within income from continuing operations.
A company is considering purchasing a new production machine and have identified two potential options. Option A has a first cost of $1450 but will produce annual revenues of $650 while incurring $245 worth of maintenance. Option B has a purchase price of $1130 with annual revenues of $445 and maintenance costs of $147. One of your colleagues has done an internal rate of return analysis on Option A and determined it had an IRR=12.28%
a. Your boss has asked you to determine the IRR for option B, assuming that both options have same service life
b. Assuming the two production machines are independent and the company has a MARR of 11%, what should the company do?
Answer:
a. The IRR for the option B will be 9.988%.
b. The company would accept option A and reject the option B
Explanation:
a. To calculate the IRR for option B we first need to determine the service life of the option A.
If R = 12.28%
Net annual benefits = 650-245=$405
Then, 1450= 405*(1-1/1.1228^n)/.1228
1/1.1228^n =1 - 1450*.1228/405 = .5603
1.1228^n = 1.7846
n = log(1.7846)/log(1.1228) = 5 years
Therefore, For option B
Let, IRR = R
Net annual benefit = 445-147 = $298
1130 = 298*(1-1/(1+R)^5)/R
At R = 9%
PV of cash inflows = $1159.12
At R = 10%
PV of cash inflows = $1129.65
As per the method of interpolation,
R = 9% + ((1159.12 - 1130)/( 1159.12-1129.65))*(10%-9%)
R = 9.988%
Thus, IRR for the option B will be 9.988%.
b. According to the given data to selection the any option, the value of IRR must be greater than or equal to the MARR. in this case, option A has the IRR of 12.28% that is greater than the MARR of 11%. But, it is not the case with option B whose IRR is only 9.988% and it is less than the MARR of 11%.
Thus, option A will be accepted and option B will be rejected.
upino Products provides the foundational data for this problem given that the unit product costs at a normal level of 5,000 units per month and selling price of $90 are as follows: Manufacturing costs: Direct materials............................................... $ 35 Direct labor...................................................... 12 Variable overhead............................................ 8 Fixed overhead (total for year = $300,000)...... 5 Selling and Admin costs: Variable............................................................ $ 15 Fixed (total for year = $480,000)...................... 8 This product is sold at a rate of 60,000 units per year. It is predicted that a price increase of $98 will decrease volume by 10%. An advertising campaign is proposed to support the price increase. How much can advertising expense be spent to support the price increase and without having operating income fall below the current levels?
Answer:
Available for advertizing campaing 480,000
Explanation:
First we calculate the current operating income:
sales price less all uniit operating cost
90 - 35 - 12 - 8 - 5 - 15 - 8 = 7
$7 x 60,000 units = $420,000 operating income
Now we calculate the new contribution margin and operating income
materials + labor + variable overhead + variable sale = total variable
35 + 12 + 8 + 15 = 70
new contribution margin per unit
98 - 70 = 28
sales 60,000 units less 10% = 54,000 units
contribution margin
28 x 54,000 = 1,512,000
Fixed overhead 300,000
Fixed selling and adming 480,000
operating income 732,000
Potential contribution from additional sales:
6,000 units x $28 = 168,000
Less: before raising income (420,000)
Available for advertizing campaing 480,000
Answer:
Explanation:
Statement showing calculation of current income
Particulars Amount
Sales (60000x90) $5400000
Less Material cost (60000x$35) $2100000
Less: labour cost (60000x$12) $720000
Less: Variable Overhead(60000x$8) $480000
Less: Variable selling and admin Exp.(60000x$15) $900000
Less: Fixed overhead $300000
Less: Fixed selling and admin expenses $480000
Net inome $420000
Proposed increase in Selling price = $98/unit
Resultant decrease in production = 10%X60000 = 6000 units
Revised income = 54000(98-35-12-8-15) - 300000 - 480000
= $732000
Maximum amount that can be spent on advertising so as to manitain the current level of income of $420000 is $312000 (i.e., $732000-$420000).
According to the Fair Value framework and to the lecture, what should companies try to do?
a. Offer fair value on all three bundles.
b. Offer better than fair value on all three bundles.
c. Offer fair value on two bundles and offer better than fair value on the other bundle.
Answer:
c. Offer fair value on two bundles and offer better than fair value on the other bundle
Explanation:
According to the Fair Value framework companies should try to Offer fair value on two bundles and as well try to offer better than fair value on the other bundle which simply means that in a situation where their are two bundles companies should tend to offer fair value on them and they should as well offer something that is far better than fair value on other bundle.
Therefore Fair value can be seen as an estimated price in which either asset or liability can be sold out or settled to a third party under recent and current market conditions.
You have been asked to analyze the bids for 200 polished disks used in solar panels. These bids have been submitted by three suppliers: Thailand Polishing, India Shine, and Sacramento Glow. Thailand Polishing has submitted a bid of 3,000 baht. India Shine has submitted a bid of 3,000 rupee. Sacramento Glow has submitted a bid of $3,000. You check with your local bank and find that $1=10 baht , and $1=8 rupee. The final destination for the disks is New Delhi, India and there is a 35% import tax. Thailand Polishing and Sacramento Glow are based outside of India and India Shine is based in India.A .What is the price per unit in dollars, including import tax for Thailand polishing?B. What is the price per unit for India Shine?C. What is the price per unit for Sacramento Glow?
Answer:
(a) Thailand polishing price per unit is $2.03
(b) India shine price per unit is $1.88
(c) Sacramento glow price per unit is $15
Explanation:
(a) Thailand polishing:
Thailand polishing has submitted a quote of 3000 baht
$1 = 10 bhat
1 bhat = $ 0.1
Thailand polishing submitted bid = 3000 × $0.1 =$300
Import tax = 35%
Total cost = 1.35 × 300 = $405
Cost per unit = 405 ÷ 200 = $2.03
(b) India shine:
India shine has submitted a bid of 3000 rupees
$1 = 8 rupees
1 Rupee = $0.125
India shine submitted bid = 3000 × 0.125 = $375
Price per unit = 375 ÷ 200 = $1.88
(c) Sacramento Glow submitted bid = $3,000
price per unit = $3,000 ÷ 200
= $15
How are the project management processes that surround Scrum similar to and different to how the project management processes surround a project life cycle like SDLC (Waterfall)? Describe how the hybrid approach would make sense or not make sense for either your organization or an organization that you are familiar with.
Answer: The answers are provided below
Explanation:
There are several similarities between the project management processes which surround scrum to the traditional project management processes which surrounds a project life cycle such as Waterfall. When one looks at each iteration as a project, one will see that Scrum planning meeting will be identical to planning meeting of the traditional project.
The daily standups in scrum will resemble the monitoring and the controlling of traditional waterfall with the exception that in scrum, its team monitors itself. A sprint would be the execution stage while the sprint review will be like project closure lessons that are learned. Sprint can be seen as small waterfall model project.
However, the main difference is in the scrum's team mindset versus the team of the traditional project management. Also, the process of work defining as being completed is different for the teams. Lastly, the method used by the scrum team in its approaches to work, team collaboration, responsibility acceptance, tasks definition and accountability are different from the traditional project management team.
A hybrid approach will be sensible in a large organization which has pockets of power. This is true for large retails that have old legacy systems in which frequent deployments aren't possible.
This is true for systems in which, testing can't be automated due to the fact that automated testing is a vital part for success for large scrum projects. In such organizations, it is sensible to use scrum for the teams which are able to move to scrum and waterfall can be used for other parts of the organization.
Cost of goods manufactured equals $55,000 for 2020. Finished goods inventory is $2,000 at the beginning of the year and $5,500 at the end of the year. Beginning and ending work in process for 2020 are $4,000 and $5,000, respectively. How much is cost of goods sold for the year?
Answer:
$51,500
Explanation:
The computation of the cost of goods sold for the year is shown below:
As we know that
Cost of Goods Sold = Beginning balance of Finished Goods Inventory + Cost of Goods Manufactured – Ending balance of Finished Goods Inventory
= $2,000 + $55,000 - $5,500
= $51,500
We simply applied the cost of goods sold formula by taking the three items into the computation part
A roofing company collects fees when jobs are complete. The work for one customer, whose job was bid at $3,900, has been completed as of December 31, but the customer has not yet been billed. Assuming adjustments are only made at year-end, what is the adjusting entry the company would need to make on December 31, the calendar year-end?
Answer:
Debit Accounts Receivable, $3,900;
Credit Roofing Fees Revenue, $3,900
Explanation:
Here, no cash transaction was involved. Since the job has been completed but the customer has not been billed yet, this simply means it has to be debited with accounts receivable, which is recognised as current asset and recognised as revenue for the period, hence needs to be credited.
This means that accounts receivable has to be debited with the amount of $3,900 while roofing fees revenue has to be credited with the amount of $3,900
Considering the above, the adjusting entry the company would need to make on December 31, the calendar year-end would be:
Debit Accounts Receivable, $3,900;
Credit Roofing Fees Revenue, $3.900
A summary of selected ledger accounts appears below for Alberto's Plumbing Services for the current calendar year-end. Alberto, Capital 12/31 8,500 1/1 6,500 12/31 15,000 Alberto, Drawing 6/30 3,500 12/31 8,500 11/30 5,000 Net income for the period is a.$15,000 b.$18,500 c.$33,500 d.$13,000
Answer: a.$15,000
Explanation:
The Net Income for the year is usually credited to the Capital Account on the last day of the year as Retained Earnings for the year.
The only amount credited to the capital account in the above question is the $15,000 that came in on the 12th of December so it must be the Net Income for the period.
MFG Manufacturing sells a product for $40 per unit. The production cost of the product is $21 per unit: direct materials of $8, direct labor of $7, variable overhead of $4 and fixed overhead of $2. The fixed overhead per unit comes from dividing $500,000 of fixed factory overhead by 250,000 units produced. In addition, MFG pays $3 for shipping each unit sold. Finally, MFG has fixed costs outside the factory (such as office building depreciation and salaries) that total $200,000 per year. Assuming breakeven in units was correctly computed to be 20,000 units, breakeven in dollars is:
Answer:
Break-even sales =$800,000
Explanation:
The break-even sales is the amount of revenue that a business must generate that would equate its total costs to total revenue. At the break even sales, the contribution is exactly to total iced cost, and the business makes no profit or loss
Break-even (units) = Total general fixed cost /(selling price- variable cost)
Break-even sales = Break-even (in units) × Selling price
Break-even sales = 20,000 × $40 =$800,000
Break-even sales=$800,000
A recently graduated engineer has decided to return to school in the evenings to obtain a master's degree. He feels it should be accomplished in a manner that that will allow him the maximum amount of time for his regular day job plus time for recreation. In working for the degree, he will
Answer: minimize input
Explanation:
From the question, we have been told that a recently graduated engineer decided to return to school in the evenings in order to obtain a master's degree. The recent graduate feels it should be accomplished in a way that will give him the maximum amount of time needed for his regular day job and time for recreation.
In this situation, we can see that the individual actually holds his regular job and recreation in high esteem and feels that they are more important than the masters degree. Base on this, the person will minimize its input towards the masters program.
Mexican Restaurant incurred salaries expense of $62,000 for 2018. The payroll expense includes employer FICA tax, in addition to state unemployment tax and federal unemployment tax. Of the total salaries, $22,000 is subject to unemployment tax. Also, the company provides the following benefits for employees: health insurance (cost to the company, $3,000), life insurance (cost to the company, $330), and retirement benefits (cost to the company, 10% of salaries expense)
Requirements:
1. Journalize Ricardo's expenses for employee benefits and for payroll taxes.
Explanations are not required.
2. What was Ricardo's total expense for 2018 related to payroll?
Answer:
1. The entry for the expenses of employee benefits and for payroll taxes would be as follows:
Debit Credit
Salaries Expense $62,000
FICA Taxes payable $4,743
Health insurance payable $3,000
Life Insurance payable $330
Retirement Benefits payable $6,200
Salaries payable $47,727
Debit Credit
Payroll tax expense $6,063
FICA Taxes payable $4,743
State unemployment taxes payable $1,188
Federal unemployment taxes payable $132
2. Ricardo's total expense for 2018 related to payroll was $68,063
Explanation:
1. According to the given the entry for the expenses of employee benefits and for payroll taxes would be as follows:
Debit Credit
Salaries Expense $62,000
FICA Taxes payable $4,743
Health insurance payable $3,000
Life Insurance payable $330
Retirement Benefits payable $6,200
Salaries payable $47,727
FICA Taxes payable=$62,000*7.65%=$4,743
Retirement Benefits payable=$62,000*10%=$6,200
Debit Credit
Payroll tax expense $6,063
FICA Taxes payable $4,743
State unemployment taxes payable $1,188
Federal unemployment taxes payable $132
FICA Taxes payable=$62,000*7.65%=$4,743
State unemployment taxes payable=$22,000*5.4%=$1,188
Federal unemployment taxes payable=$22,000*0.6%=$132
2. In order to calculate Ricardo's total expense for 2018 related to payroll we would have to make the following calculation:
Total expenses related to payroll=Salaries expense+payroll tax expense
Total expenses related to payroll=$62,000+$6,063
Total expenses related to payroll=$68,063
Ricardo's total expense for 2018 related to payroll was $68,063
Flounder Beverage Company reported the following items in the most recent year. Net income $49,400 Dividends paid 6,820 Increase in accounts receivable 10,010 Increase in accounts payable 7,900 Purchase of equipment (capital expenditure) 8,600 Depreciation expense 4,900 Issue of notes payable 20,940 Compute net cash provided by operating activities, the net change in cash during the year.
Answer:
Net Cash flow from Operating activities is $52,100
Explanation:
Cash Flow from operating activities
Particulars Amount Amount
Net Income $49,400
Add: Depreciation expenses $4,900
Add: Increase in accounts payable $7,900
Less: Increase in accounts receivable -($10,100)
$2,700
Net Cash flow from Operating activities $52,100
Larson, Inc. is an integrated marketing solutions company. Whenever a client comes to it wondering why a product was not welcomed by its target audience or why customers have stopped buying another product, Impiric always suggests the marketing research process begins with:________.
Answer:
Defining the problem
Explanation:
In this scenario clients come to Larson Inc wondering why a product was not welcomed by its target audience or why customers have stopped buying another product.
According to Impiric a marketing solutions company the first step in marketing research process is defining the problem.
Why are products not being welcomed by their target audience?
This will give insight and help in formulating a solution to tackle the challenge
Hutter Corporation declared a $0.50 per share cash dividend on its common shares. The company has 35,000 shares authorized, 18,000 shares issued, and 14,000 shares of common stock outstanding. The journal entry to record the dividend declaration is:
Answer:
Journal Entry
Dr. Dividend $7,000
Cr. Dividend Payable $7,000
Explanation:
Dividend are only paid to the outstanding share. Outstanding shares re those share is in held by the stockholders of the company at a specific time period.
Authorised share are those shares which a company can issue in the market legally.
Issued shares are those share which have been issued by the company.
Dividend Declared = Outstanding shares x dividend per share.
Dividend Declared = 14,000 shares x $0.5 = $7,000
Cardiff and Delp is an architectural firm that provides services for residential construction projects. The following data pertain to a recent reporting period. (Round activity rate answers to 2 decimal places.)
Activities Costs
Design department
Client consultation 2,100 contact hours $ 315,000
Drawings 1,800 design hours 104,400
Modeling 46,000 square feet 32,200
Project
management
department
Supervision 1,200 days $ 228,000
Billings 8 jobs 8,300
Collections 8 jobs 13,140
Required: 1. & 2. Using ABC, compute the firm's activity overhead rates. Form activity cost pools where appropriate. Assign costs to a 7,400-square-foot job that requires 410 contact hours, 352 design hours, and 195 days to complete. (Round activity rate answers to 2 decimal places.)
Answer:
Activity Rates
Consultation $150
Drawings $58
Modeling $0.7
supervision $190
Billings $1037.5
Collections $1642.5
Total overhead allocated: $ 126,826
Explanation:
First, we divide the cost of each activity over the base total to get the rate.
[tex]\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}$Activity&Driver&cost&Total&Rate\\$Consultation&$contact hours&315000&2100&150\\$Drawings&$desing hours&104400&1800&58\\$Modeling&$square feet&32200&46000&0.7\\$supervision&$days&228000&1200&190\\$Billings&$jobs&8300&8&1037.5\\$Collections&$jobs&13140&8&1642.5\\\end{array}\right][/tex]
Now we apply this rate against the job activity measurement:
[tex]\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}$Activity&Job&$Rate&$Allocated\\$Consultation&410&150&61500\\$Drawings&352&58&20416&\\$Modeling&7400&0.7&5180&\\$supervision&195&190&37050&\\$Billings&1&1037.5&1037.5&\\$Collections&1&1642.5&1642.5&\\$Total&&&126826&\\\end{array}\right][/tex]
Angara Corporation uses activity-based costing to determine product costs for external financial reports. The company has provided the following data concerning its activity-based costing system: Activities (and Activity Measures) Estimated Overhead Cost Machine related (machine-hours) $256,520 Batch setup (setups) $261,360 General factory (direct labour-hours) $178,560 Expected Activity Activities Product X Product Y Total Machine related 4,300 6,300 10,600 Batch setup 8,600 1,300 9,900 General factory 3,300 6,300 9,600 Assuming that actual activity turns out to be the same as expected activity, the total amount of overhead cost allocated to Product X would be closest to:
Answer:
The total amount of overhead cost allocated to Product X would be closest to $ 392,480
Explanation:
Activities (and Activity Measures) Estimated Overhead Cost
Machine related (machine-hours) $256,520
Batch setup (setups) $261,360
General factory (direct labour-hours) $178,560
Expected Activity
Activities Product X Product Y Total
Machine related 4,300 6,300 10,600
Batch setup 8,600 1,300 9,900
General factory 3,300 6,300 9,600
The total amount of overhead cost allocated to Product X would be closest to:
Machine related = (4,300 × $256,520) ÷ 10,600 = $104,060
Batch setup = (8,600 × $261,360) ÷ 9,900 = $227,040
General factory = (3,300 × $178,560) ÷ 9,600 = $61,380
Total = $104,060 + $227,040 + $61,380 = $ 392,480
An ordinary annuity selling at $14,130.15 today promises to make equal payments at the end of each year for the next twelve years (N). If the annuity’s appropriate interest rate (IN) remains at 8.00% during this time, the annual annuity payment (PMT) will be
Answer:
PMT = $1875.00
Explanation:
The annuity refers to a series of fixed payments made after an equal interval of time and for a definite time period. The formula for the present value of annuity is,
For ordinary annuity
PV of annuity = PMT * [(1 - (1+IN)^-n) / IN]
Plugging in the values for the available variables. We calculate the PMT to be,
14130.15 = PMT * [(1 - (1+0.08)^-12) / 0.08]
14130.15 = PMT * 7.536078017
14130.15 / 7.536078017 = PMT
PMT = $1875.000493 rounded off to $1875.00
Black Sparrow Aviation, Inc. is concerned they are not maintaining adequate liquidity. The accounting department has provided you, the newly hired finance manager, with the following ratios:
1. Current ratio 4.5 Industry norm 4.0
2. Quick ratio 2.0 Industry norm 3.1
3. Inventory turnover 6.0 Industry norm 10.4
4. Average collection period 73 days Industry norm 52 days
5. Average payment period 31 days Industry norm 40 days
Discuss · In your opinion, what do these ratios indicate about Black Sparrow Aviation, Inc.?
A. What recommendations would you make based on these ratios?
B. What results do you think you can achieve if your recommendations are followed?
C. Why might your recommendations not be effective?
Answer:
Black Sparrow Aviation, Inc.
1. Indications from ratios about Black Sparrow Aviation:
The current ratio of 4.5 is higher than the industry's norm of 4.0. This indicates that working capital elements are not being managed properly. This is supported by the the remaining four ratios. Inventory level is not optimal. More inventory is held without being sold to customers. Obviously, from the inventory turnover of 6.0 translating to approximately 61 days that it takes the company to sell its inventory as against the industry average of 35 days, it shows that the marketing and sales forces lack stamina. Debt collection from customers is over-delayed, showing poor credit policy and management. Perhaps, it takes the company many days to issue invoices. More time than necessary is allowed to customers to pay compared to the industry norm. In addition, payments are made to suppliers 11 days earlier than the industry average. Advantage is not being taken of trade credit offered by suppliers. Trade credit is an important source of funding operations, which every company should utilize to the maximum.
2A. Based on the above ratios, I would recommend:
1. Minimum inventory should be maintained.
2. Sales efforts should be intensified, so that more sales are made each year than it is currently the case.
3. Debt collection is an important activity for every company that sells on account. This activity should be taken seriously. Credit extension to customers should not exceed 50 days.
4. Payments to suppliers can be delayed by more 10 days without offending suppliers.
2B. Results from Recommendations:
1. Working capital is not tied in inventory.
2. More debts are recovered from customers and on time. Delay increases credit default.
3. More sales are made to customers, increasing the turnover. The profit is always in the frequency of turnover.
4. Short-term financing is obtained from suppliers, which strengthens liquidity.
Explanation:
Liquidity management is a financial management tool, which describes a company's ability to meet financial obligations through cash flow, funding activities, and capital management in order to minimize the risks associated with illiquidity.
Calculation, analysis, comparison of ratios are some of the ways to make informed decisions on liquidity management. Ratios should be compared over many periods, with best performing competitors, and the industry norm to ascertain the position of the reporting entity.
Esquire Comic Book Company had income before tax of $1,000,000 in 2016 before considering the following material items:
1. Esquire sold one of its operating divisions, which qualified as a separate component according to generally accepted accounting principles. The before-tax loss on disposal was $350,000. The division generated beforetax income from operations from the beginning of the year through disposal of $500,000. Neither the loss on disposal nor the operating income is included in the $1,000,000 before-tax income the company generated from its other divisions.
2. The company incurred restructuring costs of $80,000 during the year.
Required: Prepare a 2016 income statement for Esquire beginning with income from continuing operations. Assume an income tax rate of 40%. Ignore EPS disclosures.
Answer:
Esquire Comic Book Company
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31, 2016
Operating income $1,000,000
Restructuring costs ($80,000)
Income from continuing operations b/ Taxes $920,000
Income tax expense ($368,000)
Income from continuing operations $552,000
Discontinued operations:
Operating income $500,000Loss on disposal ($350,000)Income tax on discontinued operations ($60,000)Income from discontinued operations $90,000
Net income $642,000
Explanation:
Income from discontinued operations must be reported separately, but any restructuring costs must be included as operational expenses.
You believe that the Non-Stick Gum Factory will pay a dividend of $2 on its common stock next year. Thereafter, you expect dividends to grow at a rate of 5% a year in perpetuity. If you require a return of 12% on your investment, how much should you be prepared to pay for the stock
Answer:
$28.57
Explanation:
Dividend growth model can only be used in a situation where the firm pays a dividend which can tend to grow at constant rates reason been that the stock has been influenced by the growth rates which is involved in the dividends which means the firm can increase the dividends.
Therefore the Dividend that is to be paid next year will be:
$2Growth rates
5 %Rates of return
12% Return on Investment
Formular for the calculation of current price of the stock = D1/(r-g)
Where:
D1=2%
r=12%
g=6%
Hence:
2/ (0.12-0.05)= $ 33.33
=2/0.07
=$28.57
Therefore the amount I should be prepared to pay for the stock today will be $28.57
Bob, proprietor of Bob's Burgers, would like to retire in 20 years. He plans to deposit $6500 at the end of each year for the next 20 years into an account expected to earn 7.5% compounded annually. How much will Bob have in his retirement account in 20 years immediately after making his last deposit
Answer:
$281,480
Explanation:
we need to find the future value of the annuity payments, we can use the future value of annuity formula (I couldn't find an annuity table for 7.5%):
future value = annual payment x [(1 + r)ⁿ - 1] / r
annual payment = $6,500r = 7.5%n = 20 yearsfuture value = $6,500 x [(1 + 0.075)²⁰ - 1] / 0.075 = $6,500 x 43.30468 = $281,480
The amount that Bob have in his retirement account in 20 years immediately after making his last deposit is $281,480.
Future value:Using this formula
Future value =Annual payment x [(1 + Interest rate)^Number of years - 1] / Interest rate
Where:
Annual payment = $6,500
Interest rate = 7.5% or 0.075
Number of years= 20 years
Let plug in the formula
Future value = $6,500 x [(1 + 0.075)²⁰ - 1] / 0.075
Future value=$6,500 x [(1 .075)²⁰ - 1] / 0.075
Future value=$6,500 x [(4.24785) - 1] / 0.075
Future value=$6,500 x [3.24785]/ 0.075
Future value = $6,500 x 43.30467
Future value= $281,480
Inconclusion the amount that Bob have in his retirement account in 20 years immediately after making his last deposit is $281,480.
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During its first year of operations, Bramble Corp. had these transactions pertaining to its common stock. Jan. 10 Issued 25,200 shares for cash at $4 per share. July 1 Issued 51,000 shares for cash at $7 per share. (a) Journalize the transactions, assuming that the common stock has a par value of $4 per share. (b) Journalize the transactions, assuming that the common stock is no-par with a stated value of $1 per share.
Answer and Explanation:
The journal entries are shown below:
a.
On Jan 10
Cash Dr $100,800 (25200 shares × $4 )
To Common Stock $100,800
(Being the common stock is issued)
To record this, we debited the cash as it increased the assets and, at the same time, it also increased the total equity of the stockholder so common stock is credited
On July 1
Cash $357,000 (51,000 shares × $7)
To Common stock $204,000 (51,000 shares × $4)
To Additional Paid in capital in excess of par value - Common stock $153,000 (51,000 shares × $3)
(Being the issuance of the common stock is recorded)
To record this, we debited the cash as it increased the assets and, at the same time, it also increased the total equity of the stockholder and the common stock is credited with the additional capital paid for common stock
b.
On Jan 10
Cash $100,800 (25,200 shares × $4)
To Common stock $25,200 (25,200 shares × $1)
To Additional Paid in capital in - Common stock $75,600 (25,200 shares × $3)
(Being the issuance of the common stock is recorded)
To record this, we debited the cash as it increased the assets and, at the same time, it also increased the total equity of the stockholder and the common stock is credited with the additional capital paid for common stock
On July 1
Cash $357,000 (51,000 shares × $7)
To Common stock $51,000 (51,000 shares × $1)
To Additional Paid in capital in - Common stock $306,000 (51,000 shares × $6)
(Being the issuance of the common stock is recorded)
To record this, we debited the cash as it increased the assets and, at the same time, it also increased the total equity of the stockholder and the common stock is credited with the additional capital paid for common stock
Here, we are preparing the journal entry for the various transaction stated in the question.
a. Date Account titles and Explanation Debit Credit
Jan 10 Cash $100,800
(25,200 shares * $4)
To Common Stock $100,800
(Being the common stock is issued)
July 1 Cash $357,000
(51,000 shares × $7)
To Common stock $204,000
(51,000 shares × $4)
To Additional Paid in capital in excess $153,000
of par value (51,000 shares × $3)
(Being the issuance of the common stock is recorded)
b. Date Account titles and Explanation Debit Credit
Jan 10 Cash $100,800
(25,200 shares × $4)
To Common stock $25,200
(25,200 shares × $1)
To Additional Paid in capital $75,600
(25,200 shares × $3)
(Being the issuance of the common stock is recorded)
July 1 Cash $357,000
(51,000 shares × $7)
To Common stock $51,000
(51,000 shares × $1)
To Additional Paid in capital $306,000
(51,000 shares × $6)
(Being the issuance of the common stock is recorded)
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Data for Sedgwick Company are presented in E12.8. Sedgwick Company now decides to liquidate the partnership. Instructions Prepare the entries to record: (a) The sale of noncash assets. (b) The allocation of the gain or loss on realization to the partners. (c) Payment of creditors. (d) Distribution of cash to the partners.
Complete Question:
Sedgwick Company at December 31 has cash $22,800, noncash assets $108,000, liabilities $57,800, and the following capital balances: Floyd $43,200 and DeWitt $29,800. The firm is liquidated, and $113,000 in cash is received for the noncash assets. Floyd and DeWitt income ratios are 70% and 30%, respectively. Sedgwick Company now decides to liquidate the partnership. Prepare the entries to record: (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.) (a) The sale of noncash assets. (b) The allocation of the gain or loss on realization to the partners. (c) Payment of creditors. (d) Distribution of cash to the partners.
Answer:
The entries are given below alongwith its explanation:
Explanation:
Part A. As the Non Cash Assets are sold at gain $5000 (113k-108k), the entry would be as under:
Dr Cash 113000
Cr non cash asset 108000
Cr Gain on sale of asset 5000
Part B. The entry to record the allocation of the gain to partners Floyd and Dewitt at 70:30 respectively.
Dr Gain on sale of asset $5000
Cr Floyd capital ($5000 * 70%) $3500
Cr Dewitt capital ($5000 * 30%) $1500
Part C. The payment of the liabilities by cash receipt of selling the capital would be as under:
Dr Liabilities $57800
Cr Cash $57800
Part D. The amount left (capital) after paying off the liabilities would be distributed among the partners at capital ratio.
Dr Floyd capital $46,700 (43200 70% +3500 Gain)
Dr Dewitt capital $31,300 (29800 30% +1500 Gain)
Cr Cash $78,000
A steel company manufactures heavy-duty brackets for the shelving industry. The company has budgeted for the production and sale of 1,000,000 brackets and has no beginning or ending inventory. Relevant operational, revenue, and cost data is as follows: Unit selling price of a bracket $22.50 Direct material required per unit 4 pounds Direct labor required per unit 0.15 hours Cost of material per pound $1.75 Direct labor cost per hour $9.00 Total variable selling costs $2,250,000 Total fixed costs $1,500,000 Based on the data provided, what is the unit contribution margin per bracket
Answer:
Contribution margin per unit = $11.90
Explanation:
Given:
Total unit sale = 1,000,000
Unit selling price of a bracket = $22.50
Direct material required = 4 pounds per unit
Direct labor required = 0.15 hours per unit
Cost of material per pound = $1.75
Direct labor cost per hour = $9.00
Total variable selling cost = $2,250,000
Find:
Contribution margin per unit = ?
Computation:
Direct material per unit = 4 pounds per unit × $1.75
Direct material per unit = $7
Direct labor per unit = 0.15 hours per unit × $9.00
Direct labor per unit = $1.35
Variable selling cost per unit = Total variable selling cost / Total unit sale
Variable selling cost per unit = $2,250,000 / 1,000,000
Variable selling cost per unit = $2.25
Contribution margin per unit = Sales per unit - Variable cost per unit
Contribution margin per unit = Sales per unit - [Direct material per unit + Direct labor per unit + Variable selling cost per unit]
Contribution margin per unit = $22.50 - [$7 - $1.35 - $2.25]
Contribution margin per unit = $22.50 - [$10.6]
Contribution margin per unit = $11.90