Answer:
The options (A) -The rate law for a given reaction can be determined from a knowledge of the rate-determining step in that reaction's mechanism. and (C) -The rate laws of bimolecular elementary reactions are second order overall ,is true.
Explanation:
(A) -The rate law can only be calculated from the reaction's slowest or rate-determining phase, according to the first sentence.
(B) -The second statement is not entirely right, since we cannot evaluate an accurate rate law by simply looking at the net equation. It must be decided by experimentation.
(C) -Since there are two reactants, the third statement is correct: most bimolecular reactions are second order overall.
(D)-The fourth argument is incorrect. We must track the rates of and elementary phase that is following the reaction in order to determine the rate.
Therefore , the first and third statement is true.
2. Gas A has twice as much mass as Gas B. Compared to one mole of gas A, one mole of
gas B contains:
a) one-half as many particles
b) the same number of particles
c) twice as many particles
d) 22.4 times as many particles
Why do scientists think that liquid water might have once existed on Mars?
Answer: The discovery of three buried lakes. Scientists think that a long time ago there were lakes and rivers, etc on Mars. Now of course, you can't see any visible water sources on the surface.
Answer:
Almost all water on Mars today exists as ice, though it also exists in small quantities as vapor in the atmosphere.[5] What was thought to be low-volume liquid brines in shallow Martian soil, also called recurrent slope lineae may be grains of flowing sand and dust slipping downhill to make dark streaks.The only place where water ice is visible at the surface is at the north polar ice cap. Abundant water ice is also present beneath the permanent carbon dioxide ice cap at the Martian south pole and in the shallow subsurface at more temperate conditions. More than 5 million km3 of ice have been detected at or near the surface of Mars, enough to cover the whole planet to a depth of 35 meters. Even more ice is likely to be locked away in the deep subsurface.
Some liquid water may occur transiently on the Martian surface today, but limited to traces of dissolved moisture from the atmosphere and thin films, which are challenging environments for known life. No large standing bodies of liquid water exist on the planet's surface, because the atmospheric pressure there averages just 600 pascals , a figure slightly below the vapor pressure of water at its melting point; under average Martian conditions, pure water on the Martian surface would freeze or, if heated to above the melting point, would sublime to vapor. Before about 3.8 billion years ago, Mars may have had a denser atmosphere and higher surface temperatures, allowing vast amounts of liquid water on the surface, possibly including a large ocean that may have covered one-third of the planet.Water has also apparently flowed across the surface for short periods at various intervals more recently in Mars' history. Aeolis Palus in Gale Crater, explored by the Curiosity rover, is the geological remains of an ancient freshwater lake that could have been a hospitable environment for microbial life.Many lines of evidence indicate that water ice is abundant on Mars and it has played a significant role in the planet's geologic history.The present-day inventory of water on Mars can be estimated from spacecraft images, remote sensing techniques (spectroscopic measurements, radar, etc.), and surface investigations from landers and rovers.Geologic evidence of past water includes enormous outflow channels carved by floods, ancient river valley networks, deltas and lakebeds,and the detection of rocks and minerals on the surface that could only have formed in liquid water. Numerous geomorphic features suggest the presence of ground ice (permafrost)and the movement of ice in glaciers, both in the recent past and present. Gullies and slope lineae along cliffs and crater walls suggest that flowing water continues to shape the surface of Mars, although to a far lesser degree than in the ancient past.Although the surface of Mars was periodically wet and could have been hospitable to microbial life billions of years ago, the current environment at the surface is dry and subfreezing, probably presenting an insurmountable obstacle for living organisms. In addition, Mars lacks a thick atmosphere, ozone layer, and magnetic field, allowing solar and cosmic radiation to strike the surface unimpeded. The damaging effects of ionizing radiation on cellular structure is another one of the prime limiting factors on the survival of life on the surface. Therefore, the best potential locations for discovering life on Mars may be in subsurface environments. Large amounts of underground ice have been found on Mars; the volume of water detected is equivalent to the volume of water in Lake Superior. In 2018, scientists reported the discovery of a subglacial lake on Mars, 1.5 km (0.93 mi) below the southern polar ice cap, with a horizontal extent of about 20 km (12 mi), the first known stable body of liquid water on the planet.Understanding the extent and situation of water on Mars is vital to assess the planet’s potential for harboring life and for providing usable resources for future human exploration. For this reason, "Follow the Water" was the science theme of NASA's Mars Exploration Program (MEP) in the first decade of the 21st century. NASA and ESA missions including 2001 Mars Odyssey, Mars Express, Mars Exploration Rovers (MERs), Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), and Mars Phoenix lander have provided information about water's abundance and distribution on Mars.Mars Odyssey, Mars Express, MRO, and Mars Science Lander Curiosity rover are still operating, and discoveries continue to be made.
What is the volume of .80 g of O2 gas at STP?
Answer:0.56L
Explanation:Molar mass of O2=32
N=0.8/32
N=0.025
V=0.025 x 22.4=0.56L
A strong acid, such as hydrochloric acid cannot be poured down a sink because it will react and dissolve the metal in the pipes. Yet a strong base, commonly found in drain cleaner, can be poured down a sink. A strong acid can be neutralized with a strong base, creating a salty water solution. What will happen when 10.0 g of hydrochloric acid were mixed with 10.5 grams of calcium hydroxide?
Answer:
15.2 grams of calcium chloride are produced and HCl is the limiting reactant.
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, according to the described scenario, it is possible to realize that the reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium hydroxide is:
[tex]2HCl+Ca(OH)_2\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O[/tex]
Whereas there is a 2:1 mole ratio of the acid to the base. In such a way, with the given masses, we can compute how much calcium chloride product is produced due to the chemical reaction via stoichiometry:
[tex]m_{CaCl_2}^{by HCl}=10.0gHCl*\frac{1molHCl}{36.46gHCl}*\frac{1molCaCl_2}{2molHCl} *\frac{110.98gCaCl_2}{1molCaCl_2} =15.2gCaCl_2\\\\m_{CaCl_2}^{by Ca(OH)_2}=10.5gHCl*\frac{1molCa(OH)_2}{74.09gCa(OH)_2}*\frac{1molCaCl_2}{1molCa(OH)_2} *\frac{110.98gCaCl_2}{1molCaCl_2} =15.7gCaCl_2[/tex]
Whereas we infer that the correct amount is 15.2 g since HCl is the limiting reactant as it produces the fewest grams of the desired product. Consequently, the calcium hydroxide is the excess reactant here.
Regards!
When would a topographic map be useful?
Answer:
Topographic maps are used by hikers and backpackers to plan routes, estimate travel times, find water, good campsites, and track their progress on hikes. They're designed to depict the three dimensional shape of the world (mountains, valleys, plains, etc.)
Explanation:
Atoms with 5 or more valence electrons tend to form __________________ ions, called _________.
Answer:
positively-charged cations
Explanation:
hope this helps! :)
Plants are divided into three groups based on the
Answer:Scientists have identified more than 260,000 kinds of plants. They classify plants according to whether they have body parts such as seeds, tubes, roots, stems, and leaves. The three main groups of plants are seed plants, ferns, and mosses.
Explanation:
hope i help
Pleaseeeee helpppp!!!
Answer:
a triple bond posana pi maka tulong
Why aren't gas molecules attracted to each other? Explain.
Answer:
As gas is compressed, the individual molecules begin to move in each others way creating a very repulsive force. It acts to oppose any further volume decrease. At very close distances, all molecules repel each other as their electron clouds emerge.
Explanation:
If a system has 5.00×102 kcal of work done to it, and releases 5.00×102 kJ of heat into its surroundings, what is the change in internal energy (Δ or Δ) of the system?
Answer:
U=q+w
=5.00×10^2 +5.00×10^2
=2.5×10^5 kJ
How much energy ( in joule ) does the Sun emit in one day (24 hours)? I've previously answered with 3.32, but it was incorrect. Please help thanks.
It is about 3.86 which is 10⁶⁶ watts
Answer:
410 quintillion Joules or 430,000,000,000,000,000,000 Joules
which sentences in the passage are true?
Answer:
First and last sentence .♀️
Explanation:
An important thing to keep in mind about the Reading Comprehension section of the GRE as we use PowerPrep online to study is that it is just that—reading comprehension. In other words, as difficult as it may seem, and it can be pretty tricky, the test makers will always give us all the information we need in the passage to answer the question.
Can someone help me with this 3 questions I’ll mark brainliest spam answers will be reported
Answer:
1. stomach
2. veins
3.both are functions
Explanation:
1. The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, and a closed system of vessels called arteries, veins, and capillaries. (Stomach is not included)
2.The inferior vena cava is the largest vein in the body and carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the heart
3. Blood transports oxygen and nutrients to the lungs and tissues, and brings waste products to the kidneys and liver, which filter and clean the blood.
Hope this helps!
Estimate your de Broglie wavelength when you are running. (For this problem use h = 10^−34 in SI units and 1 lb is equivalent to 0.45 kg.) For the computation, estimate how fast you can run in meters per second.
A. your running speed ______ m/s
B. your mass ______kg
C. your de Broglie wavelength ______ m
Answer:
A. your running speed 1.5 m/s
B. your mass 70 kg
C. your de Broglie wavelength [tex]6.32x10^{-36}[/tex]m
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, since the equation for the calculation of the Broglie wavelength is:
[tex]\lambda =\frac{h}{m*v}[/tex]
We can assume a running speed of about 1.5 m/s and a mass of 70 kg, so the resulting Broglie wavelength is:
[tex]\lambda =\frac{6.626x10^{-34}kg\frac{m}{s} }{70kg*1.5\frac{m}{s} }\\\\\lambda =6.32x10^-36m[/tex]
Best regards!
4. What is the molarity of a solution that contains 65g of sodium nitrate in 750? ml of solution?
Answer:
1.02 M
Explanation:
Solution contains 65g of sodium nitrate
Volume of solution = 750 ml
Now, Molar mass of sodium nitrate from online values = 84.9947 g/mol
Thus, it means 84.9947 g/mol of sodium nitrate dissolved in 1000 mL of water will be equal to 1 M molarity.
Thus;
Molarity of solution = (65/750) × (1000) × (1/84.9947) = 1.02 M
all metals rust please answer false or true
Answer:
True
Explanation:
All metals do rust but at different rates. Gold, platinum, and silver can rust if but at different rates. It can take time for it to rust, if you clean your metals, it won't rust, it'll take awhile before it rusts if you keep cleaning them.
Hopefully this helps :3 sorry if wrong :( plz mark brainiest if correct :D your bootiful/handsome! Have a great day luv <3
-Bee~
8. If 134 L of Nitrogen gas at STP is combined with 99 L of Chlorine gas at STP,
Which is the limiting reactant?
N2 + Cl2 → NCI3
.
Answer:
Cl₂ is the limiting reactant.
Explanation:
We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction. This is illustrated below:
N₂ + 3Cl₂ —> 2NCl₃
From the balanced equation above,
1 L of N₂ reacted with 3 L of Cl₂.
Finally, we shall determine the limiting reactant. This can be obtained as follow:
From the balanced equation above,
1 L of N₂ reacted with 3 L of Cl₂.
Therefore, 134 L of N₂ will react with = 134 × 3 = 402 L of Cl₂.
From the calculation made above, we can see that a higher volume (i.e 402 L) of Cl₂ than what was given (i.e 99 L) is needed to react completely with 134 L of N₂.
Therefore, Cl₂ is the limiting reactant and N₂ is the excess reactant.
In a sample of neon, carbon, and oxygen gas, the total pressure is 9 atm.
The partial pressure of neon is 2 atm and the partial pressure of oxygen is 2
atm. What is the partial pressure of carbon?
9 atm
3 atm
5 atm
4 atm
Answer:
5 atm
Explanation:
add boh partial pressures and subtract from total pressure
What is true about renewable resources?
They are rare on Earth.
They can be replenished fast.
They can be replenished over millions of years.
They are very abundant on Earth.
They can be replenished fast.
The reaction CO2+H2O=H2OCO3 is classified as
Which of the following environments is most likely to have days with a relative humidity of less than 10% (ten percent)?
a desert
a swamp
a rainforest
a deciduous forest
Answer:
Desert
Explanation:
Desert barely have any water therefore they can barely produce any amount of humidity
Lab: Enthalpy.
What were the learning goals of this lab experiment? Check all that apply.
to use mass and temperature data to do computations involving heat
to demonstrate that different reactions have different enthalpies
to compute a reaction’s enthalpy directly using mass measurements and a calorimeter
to compute the enthalpy of a reaction that cannot be measured directly using a simple calorimeter
Hess
’s law allows you to find the net enthalpy of the magnesium combustion by adding the enthalpies of intermediate reactions.
To find the enthalpy of a reaction in the lab, you measured the
mass
of the reactants
and the
temperature
change during the reaction.
In both Reactions 1 and 2, the temperature change was
positive
, meaning that the
reactions
gave off
heat.
Answer:
to use mass and temperature data to do computations involving heat
to compute a reaction’s enthalpy directly using mass measurements and a calorimeter
To find the enthalpy of a reaction in the lab, you measured the mass
of the reactants
and the
temperature
change during the reaction.
Explanation:
Was that good?
Enthalpy is a thermodynamic system's internal energy total as well as the volume times pressure ratio.
What is Enthalpy?Enthalpy is a property or state function that resembles energy; it has the same dimensions as energy and is therefore measured in joules or ergs. The value of enthalpy is solely dependent on the temperature, pressure, and composition of the system, not on its history.
Enthalpy, denoted by the symbol H, is the sum of the internal energy, denoted by E, and the product of the pressure and volume, denoted by PV.
The change in internal energy is equal to the heat transmitted to, less the work done by, the system, according to the law of energy conservation.
Therefore, Enthalpy is a thermodynamic system's internal energy total as well as the volume times pressure ratio.
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I a doing an exam in science pls help.
What type of energy comes from the motion of tiny particles of matter?
Answer:
heat
Explanation:
Answer:
Thermal Energy
Explanation:
Write a mechanism for the conversion of the aldol addition product, 3-hydroxy-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-(2-pyridyl)-1-propanone, to the aldol condensation product, (E)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-(2-pyridyl)-1-propenone. Be as complete as possible and show electron flow for all steps.
Solution :
"Aldol" stands for the abbreviation, aldehyde and alcohol. When a ketone or an aldehyde's enolate reacts with the carbonyl of a molecule at the alpha carbon, under the acidic or basic conditions so as to obtained the ketone or β-hydroxy aldehyde, is known as an aldol reaction.
For the conversion of the aldol addition product of a 3-hydroxy-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-(2-pyridyl)-1-propanone to an aldol condensation product of (E)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-(2-pyridyl)-1-propenone, the mechanism is given in the diagram a below :
What process is represented by this redox equation?
C6H12O6 + 602 -> 6H20 + 6CO2
A. Rusting
B. Photosynthesis
C. Cellular respiration
D. Combustion
The redox equation C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6H2O + 6CO2 represents the process of cellular respiration. Option C
Cellular respiration is a biochemical process that occurs in living organisms, including plants and animals, to convert organic compounds, such as glucose (C6H12O6), into usable energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It is the primary process by which cells derive energy to carry out their functions.
In the given equation, glucose (C6H12O6) is being oxidized, losing electrons, and releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) as a byproduct. This oxidation process results in the production of energy-rich molecules, such as ATP.
Additionally, oxygen (O2) is being reduced, accepting the electrons from glucose and combining with hydrogen (H) to form water (H2O). This reduction process allows for the transfer of electrons and the generation of energy.
The process of cellular respiration is essential for the survival and functioning of organisms, as it provides the necessary energy for various metabolic activities, growth, and maintenance of cellular processes.
It is a fundamental metabolic pathway found in both plants and animals, enabling them to extract energy from organic molecules through the oxidation of glucose or other fuel sources.
Therefore, option C, cellular respiration, is the correct answer that represents the process described by the given redox equation.
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Arrange the following substance into acid,base and neutral. sodium chloride, tomato juice, vinegar,sea water,bicorbonate of sodium
Answer:
sodium chloride: neutral.
tomato juice: acid.
vinegar: acid.
sea water: base.
bicarbonate of sodium: base.
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, in agreement to the definition of the pH, as the measure of the acidity and basicity of a substance; it is important to recall that pH's below 7 stand for acidic substances and pH's above 7 stand for basic substances, whereas a pH of 7 defines a neutral one. In such a way, given the pH's of the given substances, 7, 4.05 to 4.65, around 2.5, about 8.1 and about 8.3 respectively for sodium chloride, tomato juice, vinegar, sea water, bicarbonate of sodium, it is possible to assert:
sodium chloride: neutral.
tomato juice: acid.
vinegar: acid.
sea water: base.
bicarbonate of sodium: base.
Best regards!
What do particulates in the atmosphere do?
A: They trap heat
B: They help plants to grow better
C: They shield Earth's surface from harmful solar radiation
D: They nucleate water vapor to form clouds.
Estimate the solubility of barium fluoride, BaF2, in a 0.100 M solution of barium nitrate, Ba(NO3)2, given that the K sp of BaF2 is 2.45×10-5.
A)7.83×10-3 M
B)1.57×10-2 M
C)7.83×10-4 M
D)2.45×10-4 M
Answer:
A) 7.83 x 10^-3 M
Explanation:
7.83 x 10⁻³ M is the solubility of barium fluoride, BaF[tex]_2[/tex], in a 0.100 M solution of barium nitrate, Ba(NO[tex]_3[/tex])[tex]_2[/tex], given that the K sp of BaF[tex]_2[/tex]is 2.45×10-5. The correct option is option A.
What is solubility?The ability of a material, the solute, to combine with some other substance, the solvent, is known as solubility in chemistry. Insolubility, or the solute's inability to create such a solution, is the opposite attribute. The concentration of a solute inside a saturated solution is typically used to determine how much of a substance is soluble in a certain solvent.
The two compounds are said to be just at solubility equilibrium at this time. There might not be a limit for some solutes or solvents, in which case they two are referred to as "miscible in any quantities." Whereas the solvent is often solid or liquid, the solute may be either a solid, liquid, or gas.
BaF[tex]_2[/tex]=0.100 M
Ba(NO[tex]_3[/tex])[tex]_2[/tex]=0.100 M
K sp of BaF[tex]_2[/tex]=2.45×10⁻⁵
solubility of barium fluoride=2.45×10⁻⁵×0.100 =7.83 x 10⁻³ M
Therefore, the correct option is option A.
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Calculate the ratio of the effusion ratesbetween chlorine gas (Cl2, molar mass = 71 g/mol) and iodine gas(I2, molar mass = 254 g/mol).
a)0.280
b)1.89
c)3.58
d)8.43
Answer:
d is the correct answer
Explanation:
Which layer of the Earth includes the crust? a atmosphere b hydrosphere c asthenosphere d lithosphere
Answer:
D
Explanation:
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