Answer:
★ Farm products which are perishable and seasonal nature are supplied by many producers.
Explanation:
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There is a justification of management interference in economies . Explain how it can
intervene while narrating the supporter’s view?
Answer:Governments intervene in markets to address inefficiency. In an optimally efficient market, resources are perfectly allocated to those that need them in the amounts they need. In inefficient markets that is not the case; some may have too much of a resource while others do not have enough. Inefficiency can take many different forms. The government tries to combat these inequities through regulation, taxation, and subsidies. Most governments have any combination of four different objectives when they intervene in the market.
Maximizing Social Welfare
In an unregulated inefficient market, cartels and other types of organizations can wield monopolistic power, raising entry costs and limiting the development of infrastructure. Without regulation, businesses can produce negative externalities without consequence. This all leads to diminished resources, stifled innovation, and minimized trade and its corresponding benefits. Government intervention through regulation can directly address these issues.
Another example of intervention to promote social welfare involves public goods. Certain depletable goods, like public parks, aren’t owned by an individual. This means that no price is assigned to the use of that good and everyone can use it. As a result, it is very easy for these assets to be depleted. Governments intervene to ensure those resources are not depleted.
Macro-Economic Factors
Governments also intervene to minimize the damage caused by naturally occurring economic events. Recessions and inflation are part of the natural business cycle but can have a devastating effect on citizens. In these cases, governments intervene through subsidies and manipulation of the money supply to minimize the harsh impact of economic forces on its constituents.
Socio-Economic Factors
Governments may also intervene in markets to promote general economic fairness. Government often try, through taxation and welfare programs, to reallocate financial resources from the wealthy to those that are most in need. Other examples of market intervention for socio-economic reasons include employment laws to protect certain segments of the population and the regulation of the manufacture of certain products to ensure the health and well-being of consumers.
Explanation:
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These are selected account balances on December 31, 2015. Land (location of the office building) $100,000 Land (held for future use) 150,000 Office Building 700,000 Inventory 200,000 Equipment 450,000 Office Furniture 150,000 Accumulated Depreciation 425,000 What is the total amount of property, plant, and equipment that will appear on the balance sheet? Group of answer choices
Answer:
$1,125,000
Explanation:
The total amount of property, plant, and equipment will appear under the Non-Current Assets section of the Balance Sheet. Thus prepare the Non Current Asset Section as follows :
Non Current Asset Section
Land $100,000
Land held for future use $150,000
Office Building $700,000
Equipment $450,000
Office Furniture $150,000
Accumulated Depreciation ($425,000)
Total $1,125,000
The purpose of a theory, in general, is to ________________________________. Select the correct answer below: determine the level of economic activity in a society take a complex, real-world issue and simplify it down to its essentials implement a method to view the world through the same lens as other disciplines, such as anthropology and biology determine which goods and services consumers are most likely to select
Answer:
take a complex, real-world issue and simplify it down to its essentials.
Explanation:
A theory can be defined as a simplified but abstract representation that gives a detailed relationship about the interaction between two or more variables.
Generally, the main purpose of a theory is to take a complex, real-world issue and simplify it down to its essentials. Thus, in economics, a theory gives a detailed explanation and an understanding of issues such as inflation, recession, taxation, etc and any problem associated with them.
In order to test theories, economists usually make use of economical models such as the production possibility frontier (PPF), Mundell-Fleming model, Classical model, Keynesian IS/LM model, Solow growth model, etc.
intercontinentel baseball
Manufacturers 18m) hasan
outstanding bond that reatures
moyears. The bond, which
pays $25 intrest overy six
months 850 per share), is
Currently selling for 598.55
What is the bond's yeuld to
Answer:
12%
Explanation:
The computation of the yield to maturity is shown below:
Given that
Coupon (pmt) = $ 25
Present Value of Bond (PV) = $598.55
Face Value (FV) = $1000
No of Semi annual Period (nper) = 10 × 2 = 20
Now
The formula to calculate Bond's Half yearly yield to maturity is = rate(nper,pmt,-pv,fv)
= rate(20,25,-598.55,1000)
= 6%
Now Bond's Annual yield to maturity is
= 6% × 2
= 12%
Pls hurry ! In your own words, why is using an outline to take notes a good strategy?
Answer:
It is better used to locate things.
Explanation:
Answer:
helps organize your ideas
Explanation:
edg 2021
Paul, a calendar year single taxpayer, has the following information for 2019 (not 2020): AGI State income taxes State sales tax Real estate taxes Gambling losses (gambling gains were $ 12,000) $ 175,000 13,500 3,000 18,900 6,800 Paul's allowable itemized deductions for 2019 are: a. $ 10,000 b. $ 16,800 C. $ 39,200 d. $ 42,200 e. None of these.
Answer:
C. $ 39,200
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what Paul's allowable itemized deductions for 2019 are
Using this formula
Itemized deduction = State income taxes + Real state taxes + Gambling losses
Let plug in the formula
Itemized deduction = $13,500 + $18,900+ $6,800
Itemized deduction =$39,200
Therefore Paul's allowable itemized deductions for 2019 are $39,200
Below are amounts found in the income statements of three companies.
Company Sales Revenue Cost of Goods Sold Operating Expenses Non-operating Expenses Income Tax Expense
Henry $12,000 $3,000 $4,000 $1,000 $1,000
Grace 15,000 10,000 6,000 3,000 0
James 20,000 12,000 2,000 0 2,000
Required:
a. For each company, calculate (a) gross profit, (b) operating income, (c) income before income taxes, and (d) net income.
b. For each company, calculate the gross profit ratio and indicate which company has the most favorable ratio.
Answer:
Explanation:
Below are amounts found in the income statements of three companies.
During 2018, Jacobsen wrote off $18,000 in receivables and recovered $6,000 that had been written off in prior years. Jacobsen's December 31, 2017, allowance for doutbful accounts was $40,000. What is the appropriate year-end adjusting entry Jacobson must use to record bad debts expense and update the allowance for doubtful accounts on December 31, 2018
Answer: Debit: Bad debt expense $21400
Credit: Allowance for doubtful debt $21400
Explanation:
Based on the information given, the bad debt expense will be:
= 49400- (40000-18000+6000)]
= 49400 - 28000
= 21,400
The bad debt expenses of $21400 will be debited
The Allowance for doubtful Accounts of $21400 will be credited.
(To record bad debts expense)
Splish Brothers Inc. uses the percentage-of-receivables basis to record bad debt expense and concludes that 3% of accounts receivable will become uncollectible. Accounts receivable are $402,700 at the end of the year, and the allowance for doubtful accounts has a credit balance of $2,897. (a) Prepare the adjusting journal entry to record bad debt expense for the year. (b) If the allowance for doubtful accounts had a debit balance of $989 instead of a credit balance of $2,897, prepare the adjusting journal entry for bad debt expense.
Answer:
A. Dr Bad Debt Expense $9,184
Cr Allowance for Doubtful accounts $9,184
B. Dr Bad Debt Expense $13,070
Cr Allowance for Doubtful accounts $13,070
Explanation:
a.Preparation of the adjusting journal entry to record bad debt expense for the year.
Dr Bad Debt Expense $9,184
[($402,700 x 3%) - $ 2,897 ]
Cr Allowance for Doubtful accounts $9,184
(To record bad debt expense)
b. Preparation of the adjusting journal entry for bad debt expense
Dr Bad Debt Expense $13,070
[($402,700 x 3%) + $ 989]
Cr Allowance for Doubtful accounts $13,070
(To record bad debt expense)
According to the acquired needs theory, which of the following characteristics describe people who have a high need for affiliation? a. Passive and uncritical b. Successfully attain the top levels in the organizational hierarchy c. Tend to enjoy work that is entrepreneurial and innovative d. Successful "integrators" whose job is to coordinate the work of departments
Answer: D.
Explanation:
The following items are taken from the financial statements of the Postal Service for the year ending December 31, 2015: Accounts payable $ 18,000 Accounts receivable 11,000 Accumulated depreciation – equipment 28,000 Advertising expense 21,000 Cash 15,000 Common stock 42,000 Dividends 14,000 Depreciation expense 12,000 Insurance expense 3,000 Note payable, due 6/30/16 70,000 Prepaid insurance (12-month policy) 6,000 Rent expense 17,000 Retained earnings (1/1/15) 60,000 Salaries and wages expense 32,000 Service revenue 133,000 Supplies 4,000 Supplies expense 6,000 Equipment 210,000 What is the amount that would be reported for stockholders’ equity at December 31, 2015?
Answer:
Postal Service
The amount that would be reported for Stockholders' Equity at December 31, 2015 is:
= $130,000.
Explanation:
a) Trial Balance
December 31, 2015:
Cash $15,000
Accounts receivable 11,000
Supplies 4,000
Prepaid insurance (12-month) 6,000
Equipment 210,000
Accounts payable $ 18,000
Accumulated depreciation – equipment 28,000
Note payable, due 6/30/16 70,000
Common stock 42,000
Retained earnings (1/1/15) 60,000
Dividends 14,000
Service revenue 133,000
Advertising expense 21,000
Depreciation expense 12,000
Insurance expense 3,000
Rent expense 17,000
Salaries and wages expense 32,000
Supplies expense 6,000
Totals $351,000 $351,000
Income Statement for the year ended December 31, 2015
Service revenue $133,000
Advertising expense 21,000
Depreciation expense 12,000
Insurance expense 3,000
Rent expense 17,000
Salaries and wages expense 32,000
Supplies expense 6,000 $91,000
Net income $42,000
Statement of Retained Earnings
For the year ended December 31, 2015
Retained earnings (1/1/15) $60,000
Net income 42,000
Dividends (14,000)
Retained earnings (December 31, 2015) $88,000
Equity:
Common stock $42,000
Retained earnings 88,000
Total equity $130,000
Bodin Company budgets on an annual basis. The following beginning and ending inventory levels (in units) are plannned for the year 20x1. Five units of raw material are required to produce each unit of finished product. January 1 December 31 Raw material 42,000 49,000 Work in process 19,000 19,000 Finished goods 92,000 75,000 Required: 1. If Bodin Company plans to sell 476,000 units during the year, compute the number of units the firm would have to manufacture during the year. 2. If 508,000 finished units were to be manufactured by Bodin Company during the year, determine the amount of raw material to be purchased.
Answer and Explanation:
The computation is shown below:
1. The number of units to be manufactured during the year is
= Selling units + ending finished goods - opening finished goods
= 476,000 units + 75,000 units - 92,000 units
= 459,000 units
2. The raw material purchased amount is
= (508,000 × 5) + 49,000 - 42,000
= $2,547,000
The same would be relevant
Bailey, Inc., is considering buying a new gang punch that would allow them to produce circuit boards more efficiently. The punch has a first cost of $100,000 and a useful life of 15 years. At the end of its useful life, the punch has no salvage value. Labor costs would increase $1,500 per year using the gang punch, but raw material costs would decrease $9,500 per year. MARR is 5%/year. Part a What is the internal rate of return of this investment
Answer: 2.37%
Explanation:
The cost of the investment is:
= $100,000
The yearly benefit of the investment is:
= Raw material decrease - Labor increase
= 9,500 - 1,500
= $8,000
Using Excel, you can calculate IRR in the manner shown in the attachment:
IRR = 2.37%
Mike and Marianne pulled their resources together to open a coffee place. They each put $20,000 and also took a bank loan of $20,000. Interest rate the bank charges is 8% and estimated tax rate is 30% for their business. If they both want a 12% return on their investment, what is the weighted average cost of capital
Answer:
WACC= 9.8%
Explanation:
The weighted Average cost of Capital is the average cost of capital for the different sources of long-term capital available to a firm weighted according to the proportion each source of finance bears to the total capital in the pool.
After-tax cost of debt = (1- tax rate) × before tax cost of debt
= (1-0.3)× 8% = 5.6%
Total Equity = 20,000× 2= 40,000.
Bank loan = 20,000
Total value fund = 40,000 + 20,000 = 60,000
WACC= 5.5%× (2/6) + 12%× (4/6) = 9.8%
WACC= 9.8%
You are attempting to value a call option with an exercise price of $100 and one year to expiration. The underlying stock pays no dividends, its current price is $100, and you believe it has a 50% chance of increasing to $130 and a 50% chance of decreasing to $70. The risk-free rate of interest is 10%. Calculate the call option's value using the two-state stock price model. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
Answer:
$18.18
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the call option's value using the two-state stock price model
Based on the information given since the two possible stock prices are: S+ = $130 Increase and and S- = $70 decrease which means that If the exercise price is the amount of $100 the first step will be to determine the corresponding two possible call values.
First step is to determine the corresponding two possible call values.
Hence, the corresponding two possible call values are:
Cu = ($130-$100) and Cd = $0
Cu = $30 and Cd = $0
Second step is to Calculate the hedge ratio using this formula
Hedge ratio= (Cu - Cd)/(uS0 - dS0)
Hedge ratio= (30- 0)/(130 - 70)
Hedge ratio=30/60
Hedge ratio= 0.50
Third step is form the cost of the riskless portfolio and end-of-year value
Cost of the riskless portfolio = (S0 - 2C0)
Cost of the riskless portfolio = 100 - 2C0
End-of-year value =$70
Fourth step is to calculate the present value of $70 with a one-year interest rate of 10%:
Present value=$70/1.10
Present value= $63.64
Now let estimate the call option's value by first Setting the value of the hedged position to equal to the present value
Call option's value=$100 - 2C0 = $63.64
Hence,
C0=$100-$63.64/2
C0=$36.36/2
C0=$18.18
Therefore the call option's value using the two-state stock price model will be $18.18
Gentleman Gym just paid its annual dividend of $3 per share, and it is widely expected that the dividend will increase by 5% per year indefinitely. a. What price should the stock sell at if the discount rate is 15%. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) b. What price should the stock sell at if the discount rate is 12%.
Answer and Explanation:
The computation of the price that should be sell is shown below:
As we know that
Price = dividend × (1 + growth rate) ÷ (discount rate - growth rate)
a. The price is
= $3 × 1.05 ÷ (15% - 5%)
= $31.50
b. Now the price is
= $3 × 1.05 ÷ (12% - 5%)
= $45
Hence, the above represent the answer in both the cases.
Gartner Manufacturing Inc. purchases a component from a Malaysian supplier. The demand for that component is exactly 70 units each day. The company is open for business 250 days each year. When the company reorders the product, the lead time from the supplier is exactly 10 days. The product costs $14.00. The company determined that its inventory carrying cost is 20%. The company's order cost is $30.00. How many orders per year will be made, when using the EOQ
Answer:
Number of orders= 28.59 = 29 orders
Explanation:
Economic order quantity (EOQ) is the ideal order quantity a company should purchase to minimize inventory costs such as holding costs, shortage costs, and order costs.
Economic order quantity (EOQ)= √[(2*D*S)/H]
D= Demand in units
S= Order cost
H= Holding cost
D= 70*250= 17,500
S= $30
H= 14*0.2= $2.8
Now, using the formula:
EOQ= √[(2*17,500*30) / 2.8]
EOQ= √375,000
EOQ= 612.37 = 612
Finally, the number of orders:
Number of orders= total demand / EOQ
Number of orders= 17,500 / 612
Number of orders= 28.59 = 29 orders
after one has completed a bachelor's degree what are the next three degrees one can obta
in if accepted?
Answer:
People who have finished their bachelor's degree.
The next three degrees are Master of science or arts,
Doctor of Philosophy and Master of Philosophy.
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
impact of increasing number on social grants may have on teenage mothers
Answer:When the number of social grants to teen mothers are increased, their social lives are impacted negatively. These teen mothers see themselves as pariahs and burdens to the society. They are likely to withdraw from social life due to the shame and low self-esteem they often experience.
Explanation:
This leads to more employment and reduces the employment rates. 3) Free education grant , especially for poor children enable them to get educated and work to earn money. Hence, unemployment is reduced.
The impact of social grants on teenage mothers is one that has brought about laziness and dependency of them on the government.
This social grant have motivated a lot of teenagers to become carefree and pregnant and there is a lot of teen mothers who drop out of school since there is social grant to answer for their needs.
What impact of social grants might have on teenage mothers?Due to the increase in the use of social grants a lot of teen mothers are said to be on the increased also.
The social lives of these teens are been impacted negatively. These teen mothers are said to be lazy and do not work and they parties and become burdens to the society.
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On December 31, 2020, Vaughn Co. performed environmental consulting services for Hayduke Co. Hayduke was short of cash, and Vaughn Co. agreed to accept a $261,600 zero-interest-bearing note due December 31, 2022, as payment in full. Hayduke is somewhat of a credit risk and typically borrows funds at a rate of 10%. Vaughn is much more creditworthy and has various lines of credit at 6%.
Prepare the journal entry to record the transaction of December 31, 2015, for the Ed Abbey Co. (Round present value factor calculations to 5 decimal places, e.g. 1.25124 and final answers to O decimal places, e.g. 5,275. If no entry is required, select "No Entry" for the account titles and enter o for the amounts. Credit account titles are automatically Indented when the amount is entered. Do not indent manually.)
Answer:
1. 31 Dec
Dr Notes receivable $261,600
Dr Discount on notes receivable $45,401
Cr Sales revenue $216,199
B. 31-Dec
Dr Discount on notes receivable $21,619.9
Cr Interest revenue $21,619.9
C. Dec-31
Dr Discount on notes receivable $23,781.1
interest revenue $23,781.1
Dr Cash $261,600
Cr Notes receivable $261,600
Explanation:
A. Preparation of the journal entry to record the transaction of December 31, 2015, for the Ed Abbey Co
December 31, 2015
Dr Notes receivable $261,600
Dr Discount on notes receivable $45,401
($261,600-$216,199)
Cr Sales revenue $216,199
Computation of present value of note
PV of $261,600 due in 2 years at 10%
$261,600*.82645 = $216,199
B. Preparation of the journal entry for December 31, 2016
31-Dec
Dr Discount on notes receivable $21,619.9
[10%*$216,199]
Cr Interest revenue $21,619.9
C. Preparation of the journal entry for December 31, 2017
Dec-31
Dr Discount on notes receivable $23,781.1
interest revenue $23,781.1
($45,401-$21,619.9 )
Dr Cash $261,600
Cr Notes receivable $261,600
Assume the following: The standard labor rate per hour is $17.00. The standard labor-hours allowed per unit of finished goods is 3 hours. The actual quantity of labor hours worked during the period was 44,000 hours. The total actual direct labor cost for the period was $726,000. The company produced 15,000 units of finished goods during the period. What is the labor efficiency variance
Answer: $17,000
Explanation:
Labour efficiency variance = Standard rate * (Standard hours - Actual hours )
Standard hours:
= Standard labor-hours allowed per unit * Number of units produced in period
= 3 * 15,000
= 45,000 hours
Labor efficiency variance = 17 * (45,000 - 44,000)
= $17,000 Favorable
Favorable because the standard amount is higher than the actual amount.
Exercise 9-19 (Algorithmic) (LO. 3) Brenda, a self-employed taxpayer, travels from Chicago to Barcelona (Spain) on business. She is gone 10 days (including 2 days of travel) during which time she spends 5 days conducting business and 3 days sightseeing. Her expenses are $1,930 (airfare), $245 per day (meals), and $420 per night (lodging). Because Brenda stayed with relatives while sightseeing, she only paid for 5 nights of lodging. Compute Brenda's deductions for the following:
Answer:
a. $1,351
b. $857.5
c. $2,100
Explanation:
Computation for Brenda's deductions
a. Airfare= (70% × $1,930)
Airfare=$1,351
b. Meals= [(245/2)*7]
Meals=857.5
c. Lodging= [420*5]
Lodging=$2,100
Therefore Brenda's deductions are:
a. $1,351
b. $857.5
c. $2,100
What would you expect to happen to the mix between internal financing (where companies use their own funds such as retained earnings) and external financing (where companies obtain funds through financial markets) for new investment projects in a country that experiences a large increase in financial market uncertainty
Answer:
With the large increase in financial market uncertainty, the mix between internal financing and external financing for new investment projects will tether towards internal sources of funding.
Explanation:
This means that the larger proportion of finance for new investment projects must come from internal sources rather than external sources. The companies will, therefore, experience much more pressure to generate and retain sufficient profits than it would have experienced otherwise. While this looks like the best way to go, the possibility of success depends on the chunk of the internally-generated funds that the companies already have.
what is the meaning of derecognition?
Answer:
withdrawal of official recognition from an organization or country.
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High financial leverage has the effect of: Group of answer choices Reducing both the firm's risk and its potential profits. Only increasing the firm's potential profits. Increasing both the firm's risk and its potential profits. None of these answers is correct. Only increasing the firm's risk.
Answer:
Increasing both the firm's risk and its potential profits
Explanation:
Corey is the city sales manager for RIBS, a national fast food franchise. Every working day, Corey drives his car as follows: Home to office Office to RIBS No. 1 RIBS No. 1 to No. 2 RIBS No. 2 to No. 3 RIBS No. 3 to home Miles 20 15 18 13 30 Corey renders an adequate accounting to his employer. As a result, Corey's reimbursable mileage is: a. O miles. b. 50 miles. C. 66 miles. d. 76 miles. e. None of these.
Answer: e. None of these
Explanation:
Based on the information given, Corey's reimbursable mileage will be:
= 15 miles + 18 miles + 13 miles
= 46 miles.
We should note that the mileage that she used for driving from her home to office and the one that she also used from driving from the last worksite to her home isn't deductible.
Since the answer of 46 miles isn't among the options given, then the answer is "None of these"
You have a 25-year maturity, 10% coupon, 10% yield bond with a duration of 10 years and a convexity of 135. If the interest rate were to increase 125 basis points, your predicted price change for the bond (including convexity) is
Answer:
The price change for the bond is -10.31%
Explanation:
Use the following formula to calculate the price change for the bond
Price change of bond = ( -Modified duration x Change in rate ) + ( 0.5 x Convexity x ( Change in rate )^2 )
Where
Modified duration = Duration / ( 1 + YTM ) = 10 years / ( 1 + 10% ) = 9.0909091
Change in rate = 125 basis point / 100 = 1.25%
Convexity = 135
Placing Values in the formula
Price change of bond = ( -9.0909091 x 1.25% ) + ( 0.5 x 135 x ( 1.25% )^2 )
Price change of bond = -0.11364 + 0.01055
Price change of bond = -0.10309
Price change of bond = -0.1031
Price change of bond = -10.31%
A consumer's need to apply for a loan is escalated to a motive under which of the following conditions.
A. Crisis
B. The need is aroused to sufficient level of intensity
C. Pressure
D.Seeking satisfaction
A consumer's need to apply for a loan is escalated to a motive under The need is arous - ed to a sufficient level of intensity. Thus option B is correct.
Who are consumers?A customer is a person or an organization that is not directly involved in commercial or company performance and who expects to order or uses purchased items, commodities, or resources primarily for their personal, societal, family, or home needs.
When a need is sufficiently sparked, it transforms into a purpose. A need is a customer's perception of a certain benefit of a commodity or a service, whether the value is practical or emotional.
A person is constantly in need of many things. Some of these are emotional, while others are natural. That whenever a need is sufficiently sparked, it develops into a motive. Therefore, option B is the correct option.
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You purchased 100 shares of MegaCorp for $17 per share four months ago. The brokerage fee was 4% of the total dollar amount of the purchase. Today you sold the shares for $23.50 per share. Brokerage fees were 4% of the total sale value. If you are in the .28 marginal tax bracket, how much tax do you owe (rounded to the nearest dollar) on the capital gain
Answer: $136.64 Owed on Capital gain.
Explanation:
Base on the information given in the question, the tax owed on the capital gain will be calculated thus:
Total purchase cost = 100 × $17 + [(100 × $17) × 4%]
= $1700 + ($1700 × 0.04)
= $1700 + $68
= $1,768
We than calculate the net sale consideration which will be:
= 100 × $23.50 - [(100 × $23.50) × 4%]
= $2350 - ($2350 × 0.04)
= $2350 - $94
= $2,256
Then, the short term capital gain will be:
= $2,256 - $1,768
= $488
The tax on short term capital gain will be:
= $488 × 28%
= $488 × 0.28
= $136.64
Umbarra Company bonds have a stated coupon rate of 5% and pay interest on an annual basis. They mature in 18 years and have a par value of $1,000. The market rate of interest on similar debt is 8%. The value of Umbarra bonds is (round to the nearest dollar).
Answer:
Value of Bond =$718.8
Explanation:
The value of the bond is the present value(PV) of the future cash receipts expected from the bond. The value is equal to present values of interest payment plus the redemption value (RV) discounted at the yield rate
Value of Bond = PV of interest + PV of RV
The PV of interest payment
A ×(1- (1+r)^(-n))/r
Interest payment = 5%× 1000 = 50
PV = 50× (1- 1.08^(-18))/0.08 = 468.59
PV of redemption value
PV = RV× (1+r)^(-n)
PV = 1000× 1.18^(-18) = 250.24
The value of bond = 468.59 + 250.24= 718.84
The value of Bond = $718.84