HIF1α is a key player in angiogenesis. VHL is a protein required for the degradation of HIF1α in the normal oxygen level. Loss-of-function mutations in the VHL gene have been found to promote tumor growth. Please explain why these mutations can promote tumor growth?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

The VHL gene is a tumour suppressor gene that regulates cell growth and cell death. This gene is also located on chromosome 3. It functions to prevent rapid proliferation of cells. For a person to develop tumor both copies of the gene must be mistake or altered allowing for a loss of function that prevents its from causing degradation of HIF1α in the normal oxygen level as its it normal function. This then allows for the survival of HIF1α that promotes amgiogenesis promoting tumor development.


Related Questions

Consider these three scientific statements
1. The inherited traits of plant, animal, and microbial populations change through time because of differential reproductive success patterns, which are influenced by the way individual organisms interact with their environment.
2. If a certain culture of bacteria is subjected to more ultraviolet radiation than another culture, Then it's reproductive success rate will be reduced.
3. In sexual reproduction, Recessive alleles are always masked by dominant alleles. in other words, the traits of a Recessive allele will not be expressed if a dominant allele is present.
These statements have a lot in common. Each statement is testable, each describes a potential realishionship between observable factors, and each deals with a different aspect of reproduction or inheritance. However, one of the statements is typical of a scientific hypothesis, one is typical of a scientific theory, and one is typical of a scientific law.
Which statement is a hypothesis, which is a theory, and which is a law? "Justify your anwsers"​

Answers

Answer: 1. Scientific theory

2. Scientific hypothesis

3. Scientific law

Explanation:

The scientific theory can be defined as the aspects of the natural world that are tested and proofed by the scientific methods, involving the observations, measurements and evaluation of the outcome. The scientific theory can be changed with new ideas or evidences. The first statement is a scientific theory because the microbial population may change due to the fact that how microbes interact rather than restricting to the differential reproductive success.

The scientific hypothesis can be defined as the statement that is required to be tested or verified by scientific method. It is based on presumption. The second statement is the example of scientific hypothesis because it is beginning with "if" here it is presumed that if the culture is exposed to ultraviolet radiation then reproductive success rate will be reduced.

The scientific law is based upon facts or evidences obtain after experimental trails or applying the scientific methodology. This cannot be changed with time. The third statement is the Mendel's law of dominance.

Why are plants unable to grow at the bottom of lakes ?

Answers

Answer:

I think its because of the water pressure

Explanation:

Answer:

I'm guessing that it's because there isn't enough sunlight at the bottom of a lake. The water reflects light, and plants need enough sunlight since they use photosynthesis to get their energy.

Muscles are connected to bones by:
a)cartilage
b)ligaments
c)membranes
d)tendons ​

Answers

tendons connect muscles to bones.
Answer : d
Explanation:
Lying outside the epitenon and contiguous with it is a loose elastic connective tissue layer known as paratenon, which allows the tendon to move against neighbouring tissues. The tendon is attached to the bone by collagenous fibres (Sharpey fibres) that continue into the matrix of the bone.

A mining company is interested in monazite, a mineral substance that forms in igneous rock in Earth’s interior. They think they found a lot of monazite in a sedimentary rock formation at Earth’s surface. Could this really be monazite? If so, how could the monazite have become part of sedimentary rock?

(ANSWER QUICK)

Answers

Answer:

Yes. It could be monazite.

Monazite is formed during crystallization of igneous rocks.

It is formed during the metamorphosis of clastic sedimentary rocks. When rocks weather, monazite is one of the resistant minerals that is left and then it increases it's Concentration in the debris of weathered rocks.

Explanation:

Monazite is a rare phosphate mineral that is found in igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks like granites, schist, gness. Monazites are resistant to weathering and they are found in sediments. It formed crystals, it is translucent and hard seen. It is an important sources of thorium, cerium and other rare elements.

Yes. It is monazite.

Monazite could be created at the time of crystallization of igneous rocks.

The following information regarding the monazite is:

It could be formed at the time of metamorphosis with respect to the sedimentary rocks.It is to be treated as the resistant minerals i.e. left and afterward, it rises. It is the mineral i.e. phosphate could be found in igneous rocks & metamorphic rocks such as granites, etc. Also, it created the crystals.

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Identify the strengths and weaknesses of Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Mendel propel two laws The law of inheritance and that of independent assortment of gene.

Independent assortment of gene explain that alleles of a gene assort independently and that different Allele can show different phenotypic effect and differences. This means that in a gene where we have 2 allele they can both show individual difference where one can have a dominant effect over the other and the other allele is recessive.

This law does not take care of linked gene where alleles don't separate after crossing over sister chromatids but are rather inherited together given rise to complex inheritance.

Pleiotrophy effect of a gene where a gene is having many effects.

An average what takes about 5 kilograms of Carbon Dioxide a year and makes about the same amount of oxygen for us to breathe.

Answers

A tree is the answer

Which molecule would be the most affected by limited nitrogen?
myofibrillar proteins in muscle
glucose molecules in starch
fat molecules surrounding organs
cellulose molecules in plant cell walls

Answers

The molecule that would be affected by limited nitrogen is the myofibrillar proteins in muscle because the myofibrils of the muscle have a number of protein molecules.

Myofibrillar proteins in muscle would be the most affected by limited nitrogen.

What are proteins?

Proteins are essential biomolecules composed of linear sequences of building blocks called amino acids.

The amino acids are composed of nitrogen (N), carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O), and often also sulfur (S).

Nitrogen is, therefore, a fundamental component of all amino acids, which form proteins such as enzymes, peptide hormones, etc.

In conclusion, myofibrillar proteins in muscle would be the most affected by limited nitrogen.

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What kind of genetic factors affect algae growth?

Answers

ANSWER :

Algae prefer stable conditions. Low water levels create slower, more uniform conditions that encourage algae growth. Warmer water leads to increased algae growth. The temperature of the water may even favor the growth of certain types of algae over others. Nutrients, like nitrogen and phosphorus, fuel algae growth; however, excess nutrients from human activities can exacerbate algae blooms.

Sheila weighs 60 kg and is riding a bike. Her momentum on the bike is 340 kg • m/s. The bike hits a rock, which stops it completely and throws Sheila forward onto the pavement. If there is no net force on the system, what is Sheila’s velocity immediately after she is thrown from the bike?

Answers

Answer:

5.7 m/s     

Explanation:

The computation of Sheila 's velocity right after she gets thrown out of the bike is shown below:

1) The Physical principle: conservation of momentum.

If there is no net external force operating on a system, so the system's total momentum is conserved

The momentum, p, is a vector magnitude that is determined as the product of the mass by the velocity:

P = mv.

2) Taking into account therefore that there is no net force on the device, Sheila and the momentum of the bike are the identical pre and post collision.

Based on this, the calculation is as follows

Momentum before the collision:

       [tex]P_1 = (mass\ of\ Sheila + mass\ of\ the\ bike) \times velocity[/tex]

       [tex]P_1 = (60kg + m) \times v_1[/tex]

= 340 kg m/s

Now Momentum after the collision:

      [tex]P_2 = mass\ of\ sheila \times velocity\ of\ Sheila + mass\ of\ the\ bike \times velocity\ of\ the\ bike[/tex]

[tex]P_2 = 60kg \times v_2 + m \times 0 = 60kg \times v_2[/tex]

[tex]P_1 = P_2[/tex]

[tex]= (60kg + m) \times v_1[/tex]

[tex]= 60kg \times v_2[/tex]

[tex]= 340 kg .\ m/s[/tex]

[tex]= 60kg \times v_2[/tex]

[tex]v_2 = \frac{340\ kg .\ m/s }{60\ kg}[/tex]

= 5.7 m/s     

The velocity of Sheila immediately after she is thrown from the bike is 5.67 m/s.

The given parameters;

mass of Sheila, m = 60 kgmomentum of Sheila, P = 340 kg.m/s

The velocity of Sheila immediately after she is thrown from the bike is calculated as follows;

P = mv

where;

v is the velocity Sheila

[tex]v = \frac{P}{m} \\\\v = \frac{340}{60} \\\\v = 5.67 \ m/s[/tex]

Thus, the velocity of Sheila immediately after she is thrown from the bike is 5.67 m/s.

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differentiate between reverse osmosis and osmosis​

Answers

Osmosis is a special case of diffusion in which the molecules are water and the concentration gradient occurs across a semipermeable membrane. Reverse osmosis occurs when the water is moved across the membrane against the concentration gradient, from lower concentration to higher concentration.

Many functions in the body are controlled by
special compounds. Which statements about
these compounds do you think are true? Check
all that apply.
The body can make all of the compounds it
needs.
The body gets energy from some
compounds.
Some compounds determine physical
characteristics.
DONE

Answers

Answer:

The body gets energy from some compounds.Some compounds determine physical characteristics.

Answer:

its b and c

Explanation:

i just did it

name 2 nature subtopics

Answers

Answer:

mature world and universe

Explanation:



can bee wax repair the hive with the pure condition?​

Answers

Yes, But I’m in certain weather conditions

From where do we get nitric oxide​

Answers

Answer:

Nitric oxide is found in supplements but if you want it naturally it comes in red meat,poultry,fish, and dairy such as milk cheese and etc. I hope this answers your question.

А (blank)
is a chemical substance that organisms require to live.​

Answers

Answer:

Nutrient

Explanation:

Nutrients are compounds in foods which are essential to life and health of living organisms, providing them with energy. They are the building blocks for repair and growth and substances necessary to regulate chemical processes. There are six major nutrients:

Carbohydrates,Lipids (fats),Proteins,Vitamins,Minerals,Water.


Question: What are the effects of fishing on the reef ecosystem?

Answers

Answer:

Additionally, certain types of fishing gear can inflict serious physical damage to coral reefs, sea grass beds, and other important marine habitats. Coral reef fisheries, though often relatively small in scale, may have disproportionately large impacts on the ecosystem if conducted unsustainable.

Explanation:

Explanation:

Additionally, certain types of fishing gear can inflict serious physical damage to coral reefs, seagrass beds, and other important marine habitats. Coral reef fisheries, though often relatively small in scale, may have disproportionately large impacts on the ecosystem if conducted unsustainably.

In the previous activity, you chose an animal that interested you and listed three examples of innate behavior and three examples of learned behavior for that animal. Now research what, if any, courtship and mating rituals this animal has. Explain why you think it has or doesn’t have these behaviors.

Answers

Answer:

what grade

Explanation:

Courtship and mating rituals are diverse and can vary greatly among different animal species. They are typically involved in attracting mates, establishing pair bonds, and ensuring successful reproduction.

1. Courtship and Mating Rituals Exist: Many animal species have elaborate courtship and mating rituals. These behaviors can serve various purposes, such as displaying fitness and attractiveness to potential mates, establishing territory, or demonstrating parental abilities.

2. Absence of Courtship and Mating Rituals: Some animal species may not exhibit elaborate courtship or mating rituals. This can occur in species where mating opportunities are abundant or where the reproductive process is straightforward without the need for elaborate displays.

The presence or absence of courtship and mating rituals can depend on various factors, including ecological pressures, social structure, reproductive strategies, and evolutionary history of the species. Different species have evolved different strategies to maximize their reproductive success, and these strategies can manifest as complex courtship rituals or simpler methods of attracting mates.

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which of these properties, used alone, would be least useful in identifying most minerals? A color B luster C streak D density

Answers

Answer:

A-color

Explanation:

Minerals could have the same color, and you can't depend on color to tell you that.

Answer:

A, color.

Explanation:

Color would be the least useful because minerals are often the same or similar in color. :)

how do you make your hair stop itchin will mark brainlist

Answers

Answer:

It’s probably caused by dandruff or a dry scalp

Explanation:

Take a shower and make sure to use conditioner

Wash your hair at least 4 timed a week, try anti dandruff shampoo or try not to touch it as it will make it worse

During photosynthesis which product is formed that cannot be broken into smaller units?

Answers

Answer:

oxygen

Explanation:

6CO2 + 6H2O + light ----> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Oxygen (O2) is an element, so it cannot be broken on smaller units.

Answer:

the Glucose

Explanation:

explain briefly the process of nutrition in amoeba

Answers

Explanation:

amoeba is an microscopic unicellular organism found in the moist soil ponds and lakes. When amoeba comes in contact with food ,it produces pseudopodia around the food particles the food get trapped in food vacuole. Digestive juices are secreted into the food vacuole to digest the food. The digested food is absorbed and used for production of energy. the undigested food present in the food vacuole, is expelled. from the amoeba, by the process of egestion

how can people be beneficial from rearing honey bees?​

Answers

Answer:

people can be beneficial from raising honey bees by promoting the usage of pollination. By pollinating plants are able to spread the growth of plants and help them bloom such as flowers and foods.

Explanation:

Which are the methods by which pasts can be controlled

Answers

Answer:

we can distinguish several different pest control methods which include biological pest control, mechanical pest control.............

Explanation:

Control methods Biological pest control. Cultural control. Trap cropping. Pesticides. Physical pest control. Poisoned bait. Fumigation. Sterilization.

Answer:

Methods of pest control:

Biological pest control.

Cultural control.

Trap cropping.

Pesticides.

Physical pest control.

Poisoned bait.

Fumigation.

Sterilization.

I FOUND THIS ON GOOGLE BTW

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Explanation:

Find the curved surface area, total surface area and volume of the following cylinders.
(a)height is10 cm and radius is7cm
(b)height is 20cm and diameter is 14cm

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Curved S.A-πdh

Volume=πdh

22/7 ×14×10=440cm²

22/7×7×7×10=1540cm³

22/7×14x2=88cm²

440+88=528cm²

B

Csa 22/7×20×14=880cm²

Volume 22/7×7×7×20=3080cm³

Total sa

2Dπ=22/7×14×2=88cm2

88+880= 768cm²

Why do different organisms have similar bones in the same place?

Answers

Answer:

they all share a common ancestor. (more info below)

Explanation:

Some organisms have anatomical structures that are very similar in embryological development and form, but very different in function. Such structures indicate an evolutionary relationship and a common ancestor.

hope this helped!

How does an artificial pacemaker work?

Answers

It sends an electrical impulse to make your heart beat. The job of a pacemaker is to artificially take over the role of your sinus node if it isn't working properly. Electrical impulses are sent by the pacemaker to stimulate your heart to contract and produce a heartbeat

A pacemaker helps monitor and control your heartbeat. The electrodes detect your heart's electrical activity and send data through the wires to the computer in the generator. If your heart rhythm is abnormal, the computer will direct the generator to send electrical pulses to your heart.

function of the vacule

Answers

If you are talking about a Vacuole in a plant cell it is large. A vacuole stores salts,minerals,nutrients,proteins and pigments.

Can you think of other factor besides genes that might affect the growth and development of plants and other organisms

Answers

Answer:

the environmentthe food we take

Explanation:

hope it helps .

What is the atom structure?

Answers

Answer:

The nucleus (center) of the atom contains the protons (positively charged) and the neutrons (no charge). The outermost regions of the atom are called electron shells and contain the electrons (negatively charged). Atoms have different properties based on the arrangement and number of their basic particles.

PLEASE REFER TO MY IMAGE LABELED BELOW TO HELP YOU UNDERSTAND MORE.

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Explanation:

In living things, traits are passed on from one generation to the next by the transfer of ??

Answers

Answer: Heredity also known as inheritance
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