Answer:
Null hypothesis: the behavior of mosquito larvae doesn't change in the presence/absence of predators added to the tanks in Treatments 2 and 3.
Explanation:
In statistics, the null hypothesis states that there are no differences between the two variables tested in the experiment, while the alternative hypothesis uses the experimental data in order to reject the null hypothesis. In this case, the alternative hypothesis will use the data from treatments 2 and 3 to confirm that predators can modify the behavior of mosquito larvae.
Your phylogenetic analysis resulted in 100 equally optimal trees and you would like to summarize the results showing only clades that are found in all trees. Therefore, you would use the:______
a. Majority rule consensus algorithm
b. Strict consensus algorithm
c. Adams consensus algorithm
d. The bootstrap algorithm
Answer:
The correct answer is option B.
Explanation:
Strict consensus algorithm is the most restrictive approach that includes only that components that are shared by all the members of the group. In the strict consensus tree only those trees would be considered shared clades by all the trees.
The clades must be exact same or replicated in all the trees in this type of algorithm to analysis of the phylogenetic group. A 100% threshold in support leads to the Strict consensus trees algorithm.
Thus, the correct answer is : option B.
Explain how substitution, insertion, and deletion mutations are similar and different from one another.
Substitution:
Substitution is the switch of codons. A C could be switched to an A, but the original is now substituted for the new codon. This can change the amino acid present or it can be a silent mutation. If the stop codon is switched in, the protein will be cut short and the effects could be very serious.
Insertion:
Insertion is where base pairs are inserted into the DNA. This is different from substitution because nothing is getting switched out, just new ones are getting inserted. The original codons will still be present, just new ones are coming in. Insertions result in a frame-shift, which means everything after the mutation is shifted and nothing will be correct after this. Insertions are more harmful than substitution because it doesn't affect just one amino acid, but many.
Deletion:
Deletion is where some codons or DNA is deleted. This will result in everything after the mutation being incorrect and can cause drastic effects. Deletion is very similar to insertion because they both cause a frame-shift, but also very different because they do the opposite from one another. Deletion is also more harmful than substitution because of the frame-shift and the change in future amino acids.
Which current is a warm ocean current that flows completely around Earth?
a) North Equatorial Current
b) California Current
c) West Wind Drift
d) Gulf Stream
Answer:
gulf stream
Explanation:
it transports warm water from the equator past the east coast of north america and across the atlantic to europe
The map of ocean currents shows that the surface ocean currents create loops called gyres. The Gulf stream current is a warm ocean current that flows completely around Earth.
What is gulf stream?Gulf stream is a strong ocean current bringing warm water into Atlantic ocean to Gulf of Mexico.
The Gulf Stream is in the western North Atlantic Ocean. It moves north with the coast of Florida and then moves eastward off of North Carolina, flowing northeast across the Atlantic.
Thus, the correct option is d.
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Help me ! Please man I need help !!
Which is a lymphocyte?
O A. Amylase
Ο Ο
B. Macrophage
O C. Urethra
D. B cell
Answer:
Lymphocyte is a B cell ans - option DSuppose a certain drug is tested in the laboratory and is found to create holes in both mitochondrial membranes. Scientists suspect that the drug will be harmful to human cells because it will inhibit.
A. The formation of alcohol C. Glycolysis
B. Oxidative phosphorylation D. Kreb’s cycle
Answer:
The options to this question is incomplete, the correct options are:
A) the citric acid cycle.
B) oxidative phosphorylation.
C) glycolysis.
D) the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation
The answer is D
Explanation:
Cellular respiration is an important metabolic process carried out by the cells of living organisms including human cells. Aerobic cellular respiration involves three main stages viz: Glycolysis, Kreb's cycle, and Oxidative phosphorylation. These three processes occur to bring about the breakdown of glucose to synthesize ATP.
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm while Kreb's cycle and Oxidative phosphorylation both occurs in the matrix and intracellular membrane of the Mitochondrion respectively. Hence, a drug that causes holes in both mitochondrial membranes will affect both Kreb's cycle and Oxidative phosphorylation.
Question 17
Cancer is a disease in which some cells lose their ability
to control which of the following?
A
size
B
sister chromatids
C
rate of division
D
surface area
Answer:
rate of division
Explanation:
In normal cells, the cell cycle is controlled by a complex series of signaling pathways by which a cell grows, replicates its DNA and divides. In cancer, as a result of genetic mutations, this regulatory process malfunctions, resulting in uncontrolled cell proliferation.
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Cancer is a disease in which some cells lose their ability to control rate of division. The correct option is C.
What is cancer?Cancer is the body's unchecked proliferation of aberrant cells. When the body's natural control system malfunctions, cancer might emerge.
Instead of dying, old cells proliferate uncontrollably to produce new, aberrant cells. These excess cells could aggregate into a tissue mass known as a tumour.
Genes, the fundamental building blocks of inheritance, can change in ways that result in cancer.
Chromosomes are long, tightly packed DNA strands where genes are organised. Since genes that determine how our cells behave, particularly how they grow and divide, are altered, cancer is a genetic disease.
Thus, the correct option is C.
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. If Haily is analyzing samples of chromosomes under a microscope which feature would help her categorize the different samples? A. Genetic makeup B. Arm length C. Shape D. Centromere placement E. None of the above
Answer:
B. Arm length
C. Shape
D. Centromere placement
Explanation:
Cytogenetics is a discipline that study the structure and number of chromosomes including their morphology, position of the centromere, arm length, staining bands, etc. These features can be observed by microscope and enable us to identify different genome rearrangements (i.e., translocations, deletions, centric fusion, chromosome duplications, etc.) by ilustrating chromosomes in defined pictures referred to as karyotypes. In consequence, they are chromosome features that can be used in order to categorize different samples.
What are compounds called that form H+ ions when dissolved in water?
Answer:
Acid
At the simplest definition, an acid is any compound that yields hydrogen ions (H +) or hydronium ions (H 3O +) when dissolved in water. Hydronium ions are really the combination of H + ions and H 2O molecules
Explanation:
A scientist discovers a cell that has chloroplasts, cytoplasm, DNA, and a cell membrane. Which statement best describes how
the cell could be classified?
Answer: The cell is eukaryotic because it has chloroplasts. A scientist is studying a cell and can clearly see that it has ribosomes and mitochondria.
Explanation:
Answer:
The cell is eukaryotic because it has chloroplasts. A scientist is studying a cell and can clearly see that it has ribosomes and mitochondria.
Explanation:
Just took the test 2020
You discover a new alien race that you decide to call the PAMMARIANS. They are different from us in that they have three sexes, called Q, R, and S. All three sexes must fuse their gametes to form a new PAMMARIAN (and you thought dating on the Earth was hardi). They have nuclear DNA and extrachromosomal organelles, similar to mitochondria, called MITOCHLORIANS, which have their own DNA. The R gender is like human females (they donate the cytoplasm during the mating). Q and S do NOT donate cytoplasm during mating, like human males. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. In a mating, if only the Q gender individual has a mitochlorian DNA mutation that causes a phenotype, the offspring WILL HAVE a mitochlorian mutant phenotype.
B. In a mating, if the S and a genders have a mitochlorian DNA mutation, the offspring will be mutant as well.
C. In a mating, if only the R gender individual has a mitochlorian DNA mutation that causes a phenotype, the offspring will have NO mitochlorian mutant phenotype.
D. In a mating, if only the gender individual has a mitochlorian DNA mutation that causes a phenotype, the offspring WILL HAVE a mitochlorian mutant phenotype.
E. In a mating, if only the Q gender individual has a mitochlorian DNA mutation that causes a phenotype, the offspring will have NO mitochlorian mutant phenotype.
Answer:
Option E
Explanation:
In a mating, if only the Q gender individual has a mitochlorian DNA mutation that causes a phenotype, the offspring will have NO mitochlorian mutant phenotype.
It was discovered that an offspring always inherits the mothers mitochondrion DNA including all its defects and not from the father as the mother contributes the bulk of the cytoplasm. Thus, since the gender female is R, if she possess a mutant mitochorlian DNA, the offspring will exhibit that mutant phenotype as care to Q and S that cant pass their mutation on.
Some parts of the worlds rainforests haven’t been studied closely, and may contain species of plants which have benefits for humans. ‘Suggest and explain uses of stem cells taken from the meristem of a new species of plant.’
To determine the similarity of stem cells of one species of plant with that of another: By determining the similarity between the stem cells taken from two different species, it can be identified whether there is a possibility of clowning, of giving birth to new and improved species of plants that are beneficial for mankind, or that of interchanging the stem cells to boost up or slow down the growth of the plants. To determine whether the stem cells can be altered and reintroduced to make the plants grow in a specified manner: By altering and modifying the stem cells and reintroducing them back again, it is possible to restrict the growth of the plant to a specific size or shape. This trait of the stem cells can be used to make the plantation possible in compact areas as well as to grow the plants in the desired shapes.
To determine whether the speed of division of cells at the roots and appendages of the plant can be modified: By restricting or boosting the speed of the division of meristem cells using modified stem cells, the plant can be made to grow faster in a specific season and slower in another. This feature can be used to lower the vulnerability of the plant species towards various natural weathering actions.
Stem cells extracted from the meristem can be precisely examined for their effectiveness against illnesses that harm portions of the plants such as the roots, shoots, and appendages to ascertain the resistance against various plant diseases.
What is meristem?They can thus also be utilized to rebuild the damaged plant tissues if the newly discovered species becomes extinct.
It can be determined whether there is a chance of clowning, or of giving birth to new and improved species of plants that are beneficial to mankind.
Therefore, Stem cells extracted from the meristem can be precisely examined for their effectiveness against illnesses that harm portions of the plants such as the roots, shoots, and appendages to ascertain the resistance against various plant diseases.
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3. How do genes control the functioning of cells and our characteristics?
Answer:
A gene is a short section of DNA. your genes contain instructions that tell your cells to make molecules called protein
Answer:
Basically gene produces a functional product such as a protein which regulates the functioning of our cells via carrying out different processess.
Explanation:
Genes are short segments of our DNA that code for functional products such as proteins. Proteins basically do everything in your cells and your phenotype (what you look like and how you cells behave) everything is controlled by these functional products that a gene makes.
In this lecture you learned that due to ___________descent, organisms share many of the same genes and proteins. However, distantly related organisms have _______ DNA differences than closely related organisms.
Answer:
evolutionary
more
Explanation:
In this lecture you learned that due to evolutionary descent, organisms share many of the same genes and proteins. However, distantly related organisms have more DNA differences than closely related organisms.
Organic evolution general refers to the descents, with modification, of organisms from common ancestors. Hence, organisms that share the same ancestors share several similar genes and proteins due to their common lineage. The closer the organisms, the more similar their genes and proteins, and the distant the organisms, the more dissimilar their genes.
both ethanol and glycine are small molecules of approximately equal molecular weight. However, ethanol is much more membrane permeable than glycine. What accounts for the large difference in membrane permeability between ethanol and glycine
Answer:
Ethanol is a non polar molecule.Therefore it passes through the cells membrane easily by diffusion like other non polar like CO2 and water.However, glycine is an amino acid ( the simplest amino acid) a charged molecule /polar molecule/.it can not therefore pass through the bilayer by simple diffusion because of the phospholipid bi-layers. Therefore special transport proteins are needed for its passage across the cell membrane.
Example-GLYT 1 and 2 are the carrier proteins specific for glycine transport across the membrane.
G
Explanation:
A young man who works on a ranch and lives in the log bunkhouse experiences sudden fever with muscle aches. A few days later he begins to cough and have difficulty breathing, and goes to an urgent care clinic. His blood pressure is low. A blood sample reveals a low platelet count. A Gram stain of a sputum sample shows only a few small bacteria present. Which of the following is the most likely infecting agent?
A) Bacillus anthracis
B) Hantavirus
C) Histoplasma capsulatum
D) influenza
E) Mycoplasma pneumonia
Answer:
The correct answer is: B) Hantavirus.
Explanation:
Hantavirus is an infectious disease caused by a family of viruses that exist in rodents such as rats. These viruses can either cause Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS), especially in the Americas; or Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS), which is most common in Europe and Asia.
The young man described has symptoms that match the common symptoms of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, such as fever and muscle aches (known as the 'early symptoms'), as also coughing and having difficulty breathing (known as the 'late symptoms'). Some of these symptoms can easily be confused with Influenza, but the shortness of breath and the fact that the patient has a history of working and living in a rural environment suggest Hantavirus.
HPS also produces a low platelet count and high white cell count.
Infection by Bacillus anthracis is uncommon, plus the lack of symptoms that match the disease (such as a sore throat) and the existence of muscle aches in the patient (which does not match Anthrax) can help discard this option.
Histoplasma capsulatum is a fungus that can cause lung infection when its spores are inhaled. Its symptoms are similar to HPS but with the addition of red bumps in the legs and joint pain, not muscle aches.
Mycoplasma pneumonia is a bacteria that produces pneumonia. Most of its symptoms match the patient except for the lack of a sore throat.
Samples of the octapeptide AVGWRVKS are subjected to proteolytic cleavage by either trypsin or chymotrypsin. Select the most appropriate technique for separating the digestion products of AVGWRVKS if cleaved by trypsin. salting out gel‑filtration chromatography dialysis ion‑exchange chromatography Select the most appropriate technique for separating the digestion products of AVGWRVKS if cleaved by chymotrypsin.
A. dialysis
B. gel‑filtration chromatography
C. ion‑exchange chromatography
D. salting out
Answer:
If cleaved by trypsin you will need to do gel-filtration, if cleaved by chymotrypsin you will need to do ion-exchange.
Explanation:
Lana was walking down the sidewalk looking at her phone and didn't notice the curb ahead. As she tripped her ankle turned inward (inversion). She heard a pop and had pain on the lateral side (outside) of her ankle and foot. Lana went to urgent care and was diagnosed with a 2nd degree lateral ankle sprain and fracture of her fibula (lateral bone in the lower leg). List all the types of tissues that have been affected by this injury. Which will likely heal slower, ligament or bone?
Answer:
ligament bcos ligament heal before bone
A ligament tear is an injury caused by an extreme motion, like a forceful twisting of a joint. A tear usually causes immediate pain and perhaps even a "pop" sound at the site of injury when it occurs. Depending on the severity of the injury, the affected site may become unstable.
What is Ligament?Ligaments are elastic bands of tissue that connect bones to each other and provide stability and strength to the joint. The four main ligaments in the knee connect the femur (thighbone) to the tibia (shin bone) and include the following: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).
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Which statement about enzymes is true?
An enzyme functions to increase the activation energy in a reacton.
Enzymes are proteins that function as catalysts in nonliving things.
Each enzyme can catalyze many different biochemical reactions.
Enzymes and substrates fit together like a lock and key.
Answer:
Enzymes and substrates fit together like a lock and key since, in one enzymatic reaction, only the correct substrate (i.e., the key) binds to its corresponding enzyme (i.e. the lock).
Explanation:
An enzyme (or catalyst) is one protein that has catalytic functions, being therefore capable of accelerating chemical reactions. The enzymes are known to control the rate of these chemical reactions (i.e., catalysis) without suffering alterations during these processes. Thus, the enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions that are not favored under normal conditions. Moreover, one enzyme may catalyze more than one chemical transformation, as well as the same reaction may be catalyzed by two or more enzymes.
if the climate is hot what will happen to the water cycle, and if the climate is cold what will happen to the water cycle?
Answer:
Climate change intensifies this cycle because as air temperatures increase, more water evaporates into the air. Warmer air can hold more water vapor,
So, higher temperatures means more evaporation while low temperatures means less evaporation.
How N-formylmethionine (fMet) is only associated with the 5' AUG initiation codon and not with internal AUG codons, given that methionine in both cases in encoded by an AUG in the mRNA.
Answer:
Different transfer RNAs (tRNAs) selectively bind to N-terminal and internal AUG codons of bacterial polypeptides .
Explanation:
In prokaryotic organisms, N-formylmethionine (fMet) is coded by the start codon (AUG), thereby generating the most N-terminal residue of bacterial proteins. This residue (fMet) is a modified methionine amino acid that contains attached a formyl group to its amino group. Remarkably, it has been shown that formylmethionyl-tRNA only can bind to this initial AUG codon, while methionyl-tRNA binds to internal AUG codons.
Humus represents _____ of the soil composition to 5% b) 60% c) 25% d) 15% e) 50%
Answer:
The correct answer is B, 60%
Explanation:
Humus, which ranges in color from brown to black, consists of about 60 percent carbon, 6 percent nitrogen, and smaller amounts of phosphorus and sulfur
Which of the following body parts has striped muscles?
Answer:
Heart
Explanation:
The goal of applied behavior analysis is to __________.
Answer:
To establish and enhance socially important behaviors.
Explanation:
This is a form of therapy that helps individuals improve on certain important behaviors which affects our daily life. We are likely to socialize and it’s imperative to have the necessarily social skills or behavior.These behaviors include punctuality,social, communication and learning skills etc.
The main aim of applied behavior analysis is to establish and enhance socially important behaviors.
Following Dietary Guidelines
According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which foods should you increase and decrease within your diet?
Sort each food into the appropriate category
Foods to Increase
Foods to Decrease
bacon
salty snacks
salmon
wheat bread
vegetables
sugary drinks
Pls help. I’ll give you brainiest
Answer:
Foods to Increase:
- salmon
- wheat bread
- vegetables
Foods to Decrease:
- bacon
- salty snacks
- sugary drinks
Explanation:
I don't really know how to explain the answers, hope that helped anyway : )
Examination of a sandstone outcrop reveals an abundance of feldspar and quartz grains. Could this weathered material have come from a nearby basaltic lava flow or a granite outcrop up the road?
The weathered material of a sandstone outcrop revealing an abundance of feldspar and quartz grains would have come from a granite outcrop up the road rather than a nearby basaltic lava flow.
Feldspar is a common mineral found in granite, whereas it is less abundant or absent in basaltic lava flows. Granite is composed primarily of feldspar along with quartz and other minerals. So, the presence of an abundance of feldspar grains suggests a connection to granite rather than basalt.
Quartz is present in both granite and basalt, but it is more commonly associated with granite. Quartz is one of the major constituents of granite, whereas it is generally less abundant in basaltic lava flows. Therefore, the presence of quartz grains does not necessarily differentiate between the two sources but aligns more with the possibility of granite as the origin.
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Place the following generation of action potential steps in order:
1) sodium channels are inactivated.
2) voltage-regulated potassium channels open and potassium moves out of the cell, initiating repolarization.
3) sodium channels regain their normal properties.
4) a graded depolarization brings an area of excitable membrane to the threshold.
5) a temporary hyperpolarization occurs.
6) sodium channel activation occurs.7) sodium ions enter the cell and further depolarization occurs.
Answer: 6) sodium channel activation occurs.
4)a graded depolarization brings an area of excitable membrane to the threshold.
7) sodium ions enter the cell and further depolarization occurs.
1)sodium channels are inactivated.
2) voltage-regulated potassium channels open and potassium moves out of the cell, initiating repolarization.
3) sodium channels regain their normal properties.
5) a temporary hyperpolarization occurs
Explanation:
action potential occurs when the differences in the concentrations of ions on opposite sides of a cellular membrane lead to a voltage of a specific cell location rapidly rises and falls.
The steps involved in this generation are;
First of all the sodium-gated channel activation occurs due to inflow of Na, this is called depolarization. A graded depolarization brings an area of excitable membrane to the threshold. More sodium ions enter the cell and further depolarization occurs. After which the sodium channels are inactivated due to the opening of voltage-regulated potassium channels and potassium moves out of the cell, returning it to it initial resting phase initiating repolarization. sodium channels regain their normal properties. a temporary hyperpolarization occurs which is a transient negative shift after an action potential occurs.
1. What are the two types of digestion?
Answer:
Mechanical digestion
Chemical digestion
Explanation:
Food is physically broken into smaller parts. For instance, by chewing.
Food is broken down by acids and enzymes into its basic units.
who first recognized the cell as the universal unit of life
Answer: Virchow van Leeuwenhoek
Explanation:
Difference between striated muscle, smooth muscle and cardiac muscle.
Answer:
Cardiac and skeletal muscle are both striated in appearance, while smooth muscle is not. Both cardiac and smooth muscle are involuntary while skeletal muscle is voluntary. ... While skeletal muscles are arranged in regular, parallel bundles, cardiac muscle connects at branching, irregular angles, called intercalated discs. interenet lol
Explanation:
Answer:
Striated muscles are the muscles that allow your body to move. Smooth muscles are the ones in the digestive system that allow food to move along the gut. I'm not sure about the Cardiac muscle.. I think it's something to do with the heart.
Explanation:
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Someone pls help me to understand what the lock and key theory is for how enzymes work. (use diagrams if it helps)
Answer:
according to this theory both enzymes and substrate possess specific shapes that fit exactly into one another.This model explains specificity.
general example when we open the door of our house we use a specific key to open the door not all keys will open the door of our house.In this example the key is substrate and the door or lock is the enzyme that fits into specific substrate.